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The Catalan Jewish community of Salonica existed as such until the Holocaust. [73] In 1927 the community published a numbered three-volume edition of the majzor entitled Majzor le-Yamim Noraim kefí minhag q[ahal] q[adosh] Qatalán, ha-yadua be-shem núsaj Bartselona minhag Qatalunya. [74]
In the following weeks, thousands of Salonica Jews were arrested for forced labor projects. [7] [11] A few white-collar workers were exempted from the forced labor measures. Some Jewish veterans of the Greco-Italian war managed to avoid it, as their employment was protected for one year after their discharge from the army. [12]
[202] [203] Holocaust memorials in Greece have been vandalized repeatedly. [204] [205] In 1977, the Jewish Museum of Greece opened in Athens, [206] and in 2018 the first stone of the Holocaust Museum of Greece in Salonica was laid, although construction has not begun as of 2022. [207]
Koretz's role in the deportation and murder of Salonika's Jewish community has been one of contentious debate. [15] [36] [37] At least 94% of Salonika's Jewish population was murdered during the Holocaust, a figure that many have claimed was caused by the rabbi's actions during the deportations. [38]
The Jewish cemetery of Salonica was established in the late fifteenth century by Sephardic Jews fleeing the expulsion of Jews from Spain, [1] covered around 350,000 square metres (3,800,000 sq ft) [2] [3] and contained almost 500,000 burials.
Holocaust memorial, Thessaloniki Holocaust memorial at the Jewish cemetery, Rhodes. Many Jews from Salonika were put on death-camp work detail, the Sonderkommandos. On 7 October 1944, during the uprising in Auschwitz, they attacked German forces with other Greek Jews, storming the crematoria and killing about twenty guards.
Mitch Albom’s books often capture the zeitgeist, but his new novel about the fate of Greek Jews during World War II packs a particular punch in the wake of the terrorist attacks in Israel on Oct. 7.
In 1943 the city's 56,000 Jews were deported, by use of 19 Holocaust trains, to Auschwitz and Bergen-Belsen concentration camps, where 43,000 – 49,000 of them were murdered. [12] [13] [14] The train journey from Thessaloniki to the concentration camps was the longest of all Holocaust trains, [dubious – discuss] and Jews had to buy a ticket ...