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2. Reaction rate - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reaction_rate

   Iron rusting has a low reaction rate. This process is slow. Wood combustion has a high reaction rate. This process is fast. The reaction rate or rate of reaction is the speed at which a chemical reaction takes place, defined as proportional to the increase in the concentration of a product per unit time and to the decrease in the concentration of a reactant per unit time. [1]

3. Rate-determining step - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rate-determining_step

   Another example is the unimolecular nucleophilic substitution (S N 1) reaction in organic chemistry, where it is the first, rate-determining step that is unimolecular. A specific case is the basic hydrolysis of tert-butyl bromide (t-C 4 H 9 Br) by aqueous sodium hydroxide. The mechanism has two steps (where R denotes the tert-butyl radical t-C ...

4. Fick's laws of diffusion - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fick's_laws_of_diffusion

   Fick's first law relates the diffusive flux to the gradient of the concentration. It postulates that the flux goes from regions of high concentration to regions of low concentration, with a magnitude that is proportional to the concentration gradient (spatial derivative), or in simplistic terms the concept that a solute will move from a region of high concentration to a region of low ...

5. List of unsolved problems in chemistry - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_unsolved_problems...

   This is a list of unsolved problems in chemistry. Problems in chemistry are considered unsolved when an expert in the field considers it unsolved or when several ...

6. Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxwell–Boltzmann...

   Because velocity and speed are related to energy, Equation can be used to derive relationships between temperature and the speeds of gas particles. All that is needed is to discover the density of microstates in energy, which is determined by dividing up momentum space into equal sized regions.

7. Reaction–diffusion system - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reaction–diffusion_system

   Reaction–diffusion systems are naturally applied in chemistry. However, the system can also describe dynamical processes of non-chemical nature. Examples are found in biology, geology and physics (neutron diffusion theory) and ecology. Mathematically, reaction–diffusion systems take the form of semi-linear parabolic partial differential ...

8. Bernoulli's principle - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernoulli's_principle

   Although Bernoulli deduced that pressure decreases when the flow speed increases, it was Leonhard Euler in 1752 who derived Bernoulli's equation in its usual form. [4] [5] Bernoulli's principle can be derived from the principle of conservation of energy. This states that, in a steady flow, the sum of all forms of energy in a fluid is the same ...

9. Exponential decay - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponential_decay

   where the final substitution, N 0 = e C, is obtained by evaluating the equation at t = 0, as N 0 is defined as being the quantity at t = 0. This is the form of the equation that is most commonly used to describe exponential decay. Any one of decay constant, mean lifetime, or half-life is sufficient to characterise the decay.