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The Rankine body, discovered by Scottish physicist and engineer William Rankine, is a feature of naval architecture involving the flow of liquid around a body/surface.. In fluid mechanics, a fluid flow pattern formed by combining a uniform stream with a source and a sink of equal strengths, with the line joining the source and sink along the stream direction, conforms to the shape of a Rankine ...
Schematic diagram to describe Rankine half body flow. In the field of fluid dynamics, a Rankine half body is a feature of fluid flow discovered by Scottish physicist and engineer William Rankine that is formed when a fluid source is added to a fluid undergoing potential flow. Superposition of uniform flow and source flow yields the Rankine half ...
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Example of a single industrial control loop; showing continuously modulated control of process flow. Piping and instrumentation diagram of pump with storage tank. Symbols according to EN ISO 10628 and EN 62424. A more complex example of a P&ID. A piping and instrumentation diagram (P&ID) is defined as follows:
A control valve is a valve used to control fluid flow by varying the size of the flow passage as directed by a signal from a controller. [1] This enables the direct control of flow rate and the consequential control of process quantities such as pressure , temperature , and liquid level.
The labels used on pipes must be positioned visibly in the vicinity of the most hazardous points, such as valves and joints; at both sides of bulkheads and floor penetrations; and at reasonable intervals. The regulations do not specify a specific marking system, but BS EN ISO 1710 Graphical symbols — Safety colours and safety signs is often used.
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Automatic control valves do not require an external power source, meaning that the fluid pressure is enough to open and close them. Flow control valves, a type of automatic control valve, regulate fluid flow by maintaining a predetermined flow rate, independent of variations in system pressure.