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Because Einstein published all four of these papers in a single year, 1905 is called his annus mirabilis (miraculous year). The first paper explained the photoelectric effect , which established the energy of the light quanta E = h f {\displaystyle E=hf} , and was the only specific discovery mentioned in the citation awarding Einstein the 1921 ...
Includes Einstein's first (1900) published paper after his graduation from ETH Zurich, the Annus Mirabilis Papers, text of his invited lecture after his first academic appointment to the University of Zurich, etc. The Collected Papers of Albert Einstein, Volume 2, The Swiss Years: Writings, 1900-1909. [3]
Annus mirabilis (pl. anni mirabiles) is a Latin phrase that means "marvelous year", "wonderful year", or "miraculous year". This term has been used to refer to several years during which events of major importance are remembered, notably Isaac Newton's discoveries in 1665–1666 at the age of 23 and Albert Einstein's papers published in 1905 at the age of 26. [1]
In his fourth of his 1905 Annus mirabilis papers, [p 18] Einstein presented a heuristic argument for the equivalence of mass and energy. Although, as discussed above, subsequent scholarship has established that his arguments fell short of a broadly definitive proof, the conclusions that he reached in this paper have stood the test of time.
Hendrik Lorentz was a major influence on Einstein's theory of special relativity. Lorentz laid the fundamentals for the work by Einstein and the theory was originally called the Lorentz-Einstein theory. After 1905 Lorentz wrote several papers on what he called "Einstein's principle of relativity". Einstein, Albert (1905-06-30).
Einstein first gained fame among physicists for the papers he submitted in 1905, his annus mirabilis or miraculous year in physics. His epochal contributions during this phase of his career stemmed from a single problem, the fluctuations of a delicately suspended mirror inside a radiation cavity.
[12] After Einstein's death in 1955, the trustees spent many years organizing Einstein's papers. In the 1960s, Helen Dukas and the physicist Gerald Holton of Harvard University in the USA reorganized the archive, with the aim of publishing the material, in a joint project between the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and Princeton University Press ...
On September 26, 1905 (received June 30), Albert Einstein published his annus mirabilis paper on what is now called special relativity. Einstein's paper includes a fundamental description of the kinematics of the rigid body, and it did not require an absolutely stationary space, such as the aether.