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In computer programming, foreach loop (or for-each loop) is a control flow statement for traversing items in a collection. foreach is usually used in place of a standard for loop statement . Unlike other for loop constructs, however, foreach loops [ 1 ] usually maintain no explicit counter: they essentially say "do this to everything in this ...
The universal halting problem, also known (in recursion theory) as totality, is the problem of determining whether a given computer program will halt for every input (the name totality comes from the equivalent question of whether the computed function is total). This problem is not only undecidable, as the halting problem is, but highly ...
In mathematics, especially abstract algebra, loop theory and quasigroup theory are active research areas with many open problems.As in other areas of mathematics, such problems are often made public at professional conferences and meetings.
At each iteration one intersection becomes the current intersection. For the first iteration, this is the starting point. From the current intersection, the distance to every neighbor (directly-connected) intersection is assessed by summing the label (value) of the current intersection and the distance to the neighbor and then relabeling the ...
Moreover, for each number of cities there is an assignment of distances between the cities for which the nearest neighbour heuristic produces the unique worst possible tour. (If the algorithm is applied on every vertex as the starting vertex, the best path found will be better than at least N/2-1 other tours, where N is the number of vertices ...
Robot in a wooden maze. A maze-solving algorithm is an automated method for solving a maze.The random mouse, wall follower, Pledge, and Trémaux's algorithms are designed to be used inside the maze by a traveler with no prior knowledge of the maze, whereas the dead-end filling and shortest path algorithms are designed to be used by a person or computer program that can see the whole maze at once.
A row of slot machines in Las Vegas. In probability theory and machine learning, the multi-armed bandit problem (sometimes called the K-[1] or N-armed bandit problem [2]) is a problem in which a decision maker iteratively selects one of multiple fixed choices (i.e., arms or actions) when the properties of each choice are only partially known at the time of allocation, and may become better ...
The amount of memory that the algorithm needs is the space for one element and one counter. In the random access model of computing usually used for the analysis of algorithms, each of these values can be stored in a machine word and the total space needed is O(1). If an array index is needed to keep track of the algorithm's position in the ...