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Historically, the definition of a scientific instrument has varied, based on usage, laws, and historical time period. [1] [2] [3] Before the mid-nineteenth century such tools were referred to as "natural philosophical" or "philosophical" apparatus and instruments, and older tools from antiquity to the Middle Ages (such as the astrolabe and pendulum clock) defy a more modern definition of "a ...
Laboratory automation; Laboratory centrifuge; Laboratory drying rack; Laboratory informatics; Laboratory oven; Laboratory rubber stopper; Laboratory sample tube; Laboratory scissor jack; Laboratory water bath; Laminar flow cabinet; Langmuir–Blodgett trough; Large diameter centrifuge; Lattice light-sheet microscopy; Liebig condenser; Light ...
Name Purpose Ammeter (Ampermeter) : Measures current Capacitance meter: Measures the capacitance component Current clamp: Measures current without physical connection
Black pixels mean no reflectivity (e.g. water surfaces), white pixels mean high reflectivity (e.g. urban areas). Colored pixels can be obtained by combining three gray-scaled images which usually interpret the polarization of electromagnetic waves. The combination R-G-B = HH-HV-VV combines radar images of waves sent and received horizontally ...
Laboratory flasks have traditionally been made of glass, but can also be made of plastic. At the opening(s) at top of the neck of some glass flasks such as round-bottom flasks , retorts , or sometimes volumetric flasks , there are outer (or female) tapered (conical) ground glass joints .
Bell jars are often used in laboratories to form and contain a vacuum. It is a common science apparatus used in experiments. [1] Bell jars have a limited ability to create strong vacuums; vacuum chambers are available when higher performance is needed. They have been used to demonstrate the effect of vacuum on sound propagation.
A magnetic stirrer or magnetic mixer is a laboratory device that employs a rotating magnetic field to cause a stir bar (or flea) immersed in a liquid to spin very quickly, thus stirring it. The rotating field may be created either by a rotating magnet or a set of stationary electromagnets, placed beneath the vessel with the liquid.
A physics laboratory might contain a particle accelerator or vacuum chamber, while a metallurgy laboratory could have apparatus for casting or refining metals or for testing their strength. A chemist or biologist might use a wet laboratory , while a psychologist's laboratory might be a room with one-way mirrors and hidden cameras in which to ...