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Environmental Protection Agency illustration of the water cycle of hydraulic fracturing. Fracking in the United States began in 1949. [1] According to the Department of Energy (DOE), by 2013 at least two million oil and gas wells in the US had been hydraulically fractured, and that of new wells being drilled, up to 95% are hydraulically fractured.
The Gantz Sand, named after Washington's Gantz Oil Well, is located in the upper Devonian/lower Mississippian strata. [2] [3] Its clean pebbly sandstone stretches from Washington County into north central West Virginia and produces oil and gas at depths greater than 1,700 feet (520 m). [2] The Gantz sand is frequently misidentified. [4]
Maryland introduced a temporary fracking ban in 2015, [117] which was made permanent in 2017. [118] [119] Washington joined these states by banning hydraulic fracturing in May 2019. [120] A type of fracking technique called slickwater fracking was used in Texas in 1998 to complete natural gas wells in the Barnett Shale. [121]
In 2009, a total fish kill occurred in Dunkard Creek, which runs between West Virginia and Pennsylvania. The culprit was a type of algae that can only live in salt-water environments. Because the ...
Barron said Pennsylvania “wasn’t a big natural gas producing state until the advent of [fracking].” Pennsylvania’s energy sector represented 4.6 percent of its total employment in 2022 ...
The shale play encompasses 104,000 square miles and stretches across Pennsylvania and West Virginia, and into eastern Ohio and western New York. [3] In 2012, it was the largest source of natural gas in the United States, and production was still growing rapidly in 2013.
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This is a list of Superfund sites in West Virginia designated under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) environmental law. The CERCLA federal law of 1980 authorized the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to create a list of polluted locations requiring a long-term response to clean up hazardous material contamination. [1]