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The crusader states were economic centres obstructing Muslim trade by sea with the west Europe, [clarification needed] and by land with Mesopotamia, Syria and the urban economies of the Nile. Commerce continued with the coastal cities providing maritime outlets for the Islamic hinterland, and unprecedented volumes of eastern wares were exported ...
With help from the Italian city-states and other adventurers, notably King Sigurd I of Norway, Baldwin captured the port cities of Acre (1104), Beirut (1110), and Sidon (1111), while exerting his suzerainty over the other crusader states to the north – Edessa (which he had founded in 1097 during the crusade), Antioch, and Tripoli, which he ...
Crusader state Conflict established in Date established Date disestablished County of Edessa [1] First Crusade: 1098 1144 Principality of Antioch [2] First Crusade: 1098 1268 Kingdom of Jerusalem [3] First Crusade: 1099 1291 County of Tripoli [4] First Crusade: 1102 1289 Kingdom of Cyprus [5] Third Crusade: 1192 1489 Latin Empire [6] Fourth ...
The Age of the Crusades (London, 1986) Richard, Jean (1999). The Crusades: c. 1071–c. 1291. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-62566-1. Runciman, Steven (1951), The History of the Crusades Volume I: The First Crusade and the Foundation of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, Cambridge University Press; Vryonis, Speros (1971).
The Crusader states were then reduced by Saladin to little more than three cities along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea: Tyre, Tripoli and Antioch. [2] The Third Crusade (1189–1193) was launched in response to the fall of Jerusalem, with the goal of recovering the city.
The Crusader states between the First and Second Crusades. The majority of crusaders now considered their pilgrimage complete and returned home. Only 300 knights and 2,000 infantry remained to defend Palestine. It was the support of the knights from Lorraine that enabled Godfrey to take leadership of Jerusalem, over the claims of Raymond.
The Crusader states were feudal polities created by the Latin Catholic leaders of the First Crusade through conquest and political subterfuge. Four states were established: the county of Edessa (1097–1150); the principality of Antioch (1098–1287), the county of Tripoli (1102–1289), and the kingdom of Jerusalem (1099–1291).
In practice an extension of the Eighth Crusade, it was the last of the Crusades to reach the Holy Land before the fall of Acre in 1291 brought an end to the permanent crusader presence there. The crusade saw Edward clash with the Egyptian Mamluk sultan Baibars , with both achieving limited victories.