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Topical fluorides are fluoride-containing drugs indicated in prevention and treatment of dental caries, particularly in children's primary dentitions. [1] The dental-protecting property of topical fluoride can be attributed to multiple mechanisms of action, including the promotion of remineralization of decalcified enamel, the inhibition of the cariogenic microbial metabolism in dental plaque ...
Fluoride varnish is widely used in the United Kingdom, following guidelines from multiple sources backing its efficacy. Public Health England, a UK government organisation sponsored by the Department of Health, released guidance in 2014 recommending fluoride varnish application at least twice yearly for children and young adults. [13]
As primary teeth are being developed, the ingestion of fluoride causes the teeth to form stronger and more resistant to cavities, although this increases the risk of dental fluorosis. [ 10 ] [ 11 ] [ 12 ] Water and milk fluoridation are two forms of systemic fluoride therapy that are effective at preventing dental cavities.
Fluoride toothpaste is the most widely used and rigorously evaluated fluoride treatment. [95] Its introduction is considered the main reason for the decline in tooth decay in industrialized countries, [3] and toothpaste appears to be the single common factor in countries where tooth decay has declined. [97]
Atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) [1] is a method for cleaning out tooth decay (dental caries) from teeth using only hand instruments (dental hatchet and spoon-excavator) and placing a filling. It does not use rotary dental instruments ( dental drills ) to prepare the tooth and can be performed in settings with no access to dental equipment.
A systematic review concluded that for decayed baby (primary) teeth, putting an off‐the‐shelf metal crown over the tooth (Hall technique) or only partially removing decay (also referred to as "selective removal" [5]) before placing a filling may be better than the conventional treatment of removing all decay before filling. [6]
A glass ionomer cement (GIC) is a dental restorative material used in dentistry as a filling material and luting cement, [1] including for orthodontic bracket attachment. [2] Glass-ionomer cements are based on the reaction of silicate glass-powder (calciumaluminofluorosilicate glass [ 3 ] ) and polyacrylic acid , an ionomer .
Dental use of silver nitrate can be traced back to Japan around 1000 AD, where it was used for cosmetic purposes of blackening of teeth. Silver nitrate followed by application of fluoride varnish was the only non-invasive option available for caries treatment before the advent for silver diamine fluoride (SDF). Cases of carious lesions treated ...