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Jaringan Islam Liberal (JIL) or the Liberal Islam Network is a loose forum for discussing and disseminating the concept of Islamic liberalism in Indonesia. [1] One reason for its establishment is to counter the growing influence and activism of militant and Islamic extremism in Indonesia.
The Islamic Defenders Front (Indonesian: Front Pembela Islam; abbr. FPI) [4] [5] was an Indonesian hardline Islamist organization founded in 1998 by Muhammad Rizieq Shihab with backing from military and political figures.
Islamic modernism is a movement that has been described as "the first Muslim ideological response to the Western cultural challenge", [Note 1] attempting to reconcile the Islamic faith with values perceived as modern such as democracy, civil rights, rationality, equality, and progress. [2]
The website was registered on October 27, 2005 and launched on September 4, 2006. [3]: 162 It was founded by Ali Sina, an Iranian-born Canadian ex-Muslim, and originally maintained by his organization, Faith Freedom International, [3]: 162 [a] part of the counter-jihad network.
Esposito and DeLong-Bas distinguish four attitudes toward Islam and democracy prominent among Muslims today: [35] Advocacy of democratic ideas, often accompanied by a belief that they are compatible with Islam, which can play a public role within a democratic system, as exemplified by many protestors who took part in the Arab Spring uprisings;
Professed Muslims have created a considerable body of progressive interpretation of Islamic understanding and practice. [1] [2] Their work is sometimes characterized as "progressive" (Arabic: الإسلام التقدمي al-Islām at-taqaddumī) or "liberal" Islam. [3]
Political aspects of Islam are derived from the Islamic religion, which is based on the Quran, ḥadīth literature, and sunnah (accounts of the sayings and living habits attributed to the Islamic prophet Muhammad), [1] [2] and elements of political movements and tendencies followed by Muslims or Islamic states throughout the history of Islam. [3]
Persatuan Islam (lit. ' Islamic Union ' , abbreviated PERSIS ) is an Islamic organization in Indonesia founded on 12 September 1923 in Bandung by a group of Muslims who are interested in education and religious activities led by Haji Zamzam and Haji Muhammad Yunus.