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Buruli ulcer (/ b ə ˈ r uː l i /) [2] is an infectious disease characterized by the development of painless open wounds. The disease is limited to certain areas of the world, with most cases occurring in Sub-Saharan Africa and Australia.
English: A map of Africa with shading representing the number of cases of Buruli ulcer in 2018, according to the World Health Organization's Global Health Observatory data repository. Shading is in four levels: 1-150 cases - Yellow 151-300 cases - Orange 301-450 cases - Light red 451+ - Dark red (applies only to Ghana's 630 cases).
Buruli ulcer is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium ulcerans. [34] It is related to the bacteria that cause tuberculosis and leprosy. Mycobacterium ulcerans produces a toxin, mycolactone, that destroys tissue. [34] The prevalence of Buruli ulcer is unknown. [18] The risk of mortality is low, although secondary infections can be lethal. [35]
A 2004 WHO resolution "called for increasing surveillance and control, and for intensified research to develop tools to diagnose, treat and prevent" Buruli ulcer. [4] In 2009, a strategy to promote early detection and provide wider access to antibiotics was adopted. [6]
Deep ulcers can cause scarring of muscles and tendons, resulting in permanent disability. Buruli ulcer is caused by skin infection with bacteria called Mycobacterium ulcerans . The mechanism by which M. ulcerans is transmitted from the environment to humans is not known, but may involve the bite of an aquatic insect or the infection of open wounds.
Malum perforans pedis (neurotrophic ulcer, perforating ulcer of the foot) Meralgia paresthetica (Roth–Bernhardt disease) Neurotic excoriations; Notalgia paresthetica (hereditary localized pruritus, posterior pigmented pruritic patch, subscapular pruritus) Postencephalitic trophic ulcer; Psychogenic pruritus; Riley–Day syndrome (familial ...
This grows larger over days to weeks, forming an open ulcer (biopsy images pictured). Deep ulcers can cause scarring of muscles and tendons, resulting in permanent disability. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends treating Buruli ulcer with a combination of the antibiotics rifampicin and clarithromycin. Regular cleaning and dressing of ...
The bacteria can infect humans and some other animals, causing persistent open wounds called Buruli ulcer. M. ulcerans is closely related to Mycobacterium marinum , from which it evolved around one million years ago, and more distantly to the mycobacteria which cause tuberculosis and leprosy .