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This metric, typically denoted in watts per cubic meter (W/m 3), serves as a fundamental measure for evaluating the efficacy and capability of various devices, systems, and materials based on their spatial energy distribution. The concept of power density finds extensive application in physics, engineering, electronics, and energy technologies.
This article consists of tables outlining a number of physical quantities. The first table lists the fundamental quantities used in the International System of Units to define the physical dimension of physical quantities for dimensional analysis. The second table lists the derived physical quantities.
The watt, kilogram, joule, and the second are part of the International System of Units (SI). The hour is not, though it is accepted for use with the SI.Since a watt equals one joule per second and because one hour equals 3600 seconds, one watt-hour per kilogram can be expressed in SI units as 3600 joules per kilogram.
The watt (symbol: W) is the unit of power or radiant flux in the International System of Units (SI), equal to 1 joule per second or 1 kg⋅m 2 ⋅s −3. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It is used to quantify the rate of energy transfer .
Specific energy absorption rate (SAR) averaged over the whole body or over parts of the body, is defined as the rate at which energy is absorbed per unit mass of body tissue and is expressed in watts per kilogram (W/kg). Whole body SAR is a widely accepted measure for relating adverse thermal effects to RF exposure. [9]
The dimension of power is energy divided by time. In the International System of Units (SI), the unit of power is the watt (W), which is equal to one joule per second. Other common and traditional measures are horsepower (hp), comparing to the power of a horse; one mechanical horsepower equals about 745.7 watts.
For reference, about 10,000 100-watt lightbulbs or 5,000 computer systems would be needed to draw 1 MW. Also, 1 MW is approximately 1360 horsepower. Modern high-power diesel-electric locomotives typically have a peak power of 3–5 MW, while a typical modern nuclear power plant produces on the order of 500–2000 MW peak output.
The SI unit of absolute thermal resistance is kelvins per watt (K/W) or the equivalent degrees Celsius per watt (°C/W) – the two are the same since the intervals are equal: ΔT = 1 K = 1 °C. The thermal resistance of materials is of great interest to electronic engineers because most electrical components generate heat and need to be cooled.