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A full-scale production plant capable of producing 50 to 100 million US gallons (380,000 m 3) of cellulosic ethanol was expected to go online in 2011. In October 2011, an article on the Coskata website stated that a "semi-commercial" pilot plant in Madison, Pennsylvania, had been running successfully for two years. [3]
Xyleco is developing a process to convert biomass into useful products, [2] including cellulosic ethanol. [3] The board of directors includes Steven Chu. Former US Secretary of State George Shultz was a board member until his death in February of 2021. [4] Employee reviews of Xyleco are mixed.
Pennsylvania, Ohio and West Virginia engaged in a tax competition for the plant. In 2012, Pennsylvania structured a deal requiring Shell to invest at least $1 billion in Pennsylvania and create at least 2,500 construction jobs in exchange for a 25-year tax incentive of $66 million per year and tied to production, reducing Shell's tax by up to 20 per cent.
A map of Summit Carbon Solutions proposed $5.5 billion, 1,971-mile CO2 pipeline. Summit plans to resubmit an application after modifying its route.
The ethanol industry says capturing carbon emissions from ethanol plants and sequestering it underground is needed to help the industry keep up with the trend toward greener energy.
In 2007, BlueFire Ethanol received US$40 million funding from the U.S. Department of Energy to construct a 19-million-US-gallon (72,000 m 3) per year cellulosic ethanol plant in Fulton, MS. [1] [2] In 2008, the company unveiled plans to create a network of ethanol refineries located at landfills around the world.
As of 2024, there are 3 large-scale BECCS projects operating in the world. All of these are ethanol plants. [5] Between 1972 and 2017, plans were announced to sequester a total of 2.2 million tonnes of CO2 per year using CCS in biomass and waste power plants. None of these plans had come to fruition by 2022. [35]
VeraSun marketed E85, a blend of 85 percent ethanol and 15 percent gasoline for use in Flexible fuel vehicles (FFVs), directly to fuel retailers under the brand VE85. VeraSun Energy at one time had approximately 150 VE85 retail locations under contract in more than fifteen states and Washington, D.C.