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In 1847, Cécille sent two warships (Gloire and Victorieuse) under Captains Lapierre and Charles Rigault de Genouilly to Đà Nẵng (Tourane) in Vietnam to obtain the liberation of two imprisoned French missionaries, Bishop Dominique Lefèbvre (imprisoned for a second time as he had re-entered Vietnam secretly) and Duclos, and freedom of ...
In August 1863, king Norodom of Cambodia signed a protectorate treaty with France, ending the dual Siamese–Vietnamese suzerainty over the country. [17] In 1866, France convinced Tự Đức to hand over three remaining southwest provinces of Vĩnh Long, Hà Tiên, and Châu Đốc. The governor Phan Thanh Giản immediately resigned.
The Fontainebleau Agreements were a proposed arrangement between the France and the Viet Minh, made in 1946 before the outbreak of the First Indochina War. The agreements affiliated Vietnam under the French Union. [1] At the meetings, Ho Chi Minh pushed for Vietnamese independence but the French would not agree to this proposal. [1]
The First Indochina War (generally known as the Indochina War in France, and as the Anti-French Resistance War in Vietnam, and alternatively internationally as the French-Indochina War) was fought between France and Việt Minh (Democratic Republic of Vietnam), and their respective allies, from 19 December 1946 until 21 July 1954. [19]
The Việt Minh (Vietnamese: [vîət mīŋ̟] ⓘ, chữ Hán: 越盟) is the common and abbreviated name of the League for Independence of Vietnam (Vietnamese: Việt Nam Độc lập Đồng minh [1] or Việt Nam Độc lập Đồng minh Hội, chữ Hán: 越南獨立同盟(會); French: Ligue pour l'indépendance du Viêt Nam), which was a communist-led national independence coalition ...
Vietnam, under the Nguyễn dynasty, became two protectorates of France in 1883, but during World War II, Japan occupied the country from 1940. During this period, Ho Chi Minh created the Viet Minh in 1941 to coordinate resistance against both French colonial authorities and Imperial Japanese occupying forces. [ 1 ]
All of Vietnam was under the French colonial rule from 1883 until the Japanese coup d'état of March 1945. In 1887, the French created the Indochinese Union including the three separately-ruled territories of Tonkin, Annam, and Cochinchina, which were parts of Vietnam, and the newly acquired Cambodia; Laos was created at a later time. [8]
Based on the terms of the accord, three Vietnamese ports were opened (Đà Nẵng, Ba Lạt and Quảng Yên). Moreover, freedom of missionary activity was permitted and Vietnam's foreign affairs were under French imperial protection. Saigon, seized by the French in 1862, was declared the capital of French Cochinchina.