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Map of Romania after World War II indicating lost territories. Under the 1947 Treaty of Paris, [40] the Allies did not acknowledge Romania as a co-belligerent nation but instead applied the term "ally of Hitlerite Germany" to all recipients of the treaty's stipulations. Like Finland, Romania had to pay $300 million to the Soviet Union as war ...
World War II began in September 1939, and the German victory on the Western Front and the subsequent defeat of France in June 1940 seriously alarmed the King of Romania Carol II. He was convinced that the allies could no longer defend Romania, so he decided that the only way to keep the country together was by relying on Germany.
Regions of the Kingdom of Romania (1918–1940) Physical map of Greater Romania (1933) The concept of "Greater Romania" materialized as a geopolitical reality after the First World War. [13] Romania gained control over Bessarabia, Bukovina and Transylvania. The borders established by the treaties concluding the war did not change until 1940.
German-occupied Europe at the height of the Axis conquests in 1942 Gaue, Reichsgaue and other administrative divisions of Germany proper in January 1944. According to the Treaty of Versailles, the Territory of the Saar Basin was split from Germany for at least 15 years. In 1935, the Saarland rejoined Germany in a lawful way after a plebiscite.
These regions and territories were part of Romania in the past: Bessarabia: this territory was part (as the eastern half) of Moldavia until 1812, when it was incorporated into the Russian Empire. The entire region became part of Romania from 1918 to 1940 when it was occupied by the Soviets. Romania managed to annex it again in 1941, but lost it ...
Plans for transfer of the German population from Romania to Germany existed at least since 1939, but were abandoned during World War II. The idea re-emerged, at the proposal of the German government, after Romania left the Axis and joined the Allies.
Throughout the interwar period, the total number of ethnic Germans in this country amounted to as much as c. 800,000 (according to some sources and estimates dating to 1939, just on the verge of World War II), [3] [4] [5] a figure which has subsequently drastically fallen to c. 36,000 (according to the 2011 census) and dropped even more to c ...
19 November – The Romania Third and Fourth Armies come under attack by the Soviet Red Army at the Battle of Stalingrad. [ 8 ] 1 December – The Soviet cruiser Voroshilov and destroyer Soobrazitelny shell Snake Island , damaging the radio station, barracks and lighthouse on the island, but fail to inflict significant losses.