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Operation Ceasefire (also known as the Boston Gun Project and the Boston Miracle [1]) is a problem-oriented policing initiative implemented in 1996 in Boston, Massachusetts. The program was specifically aimed at youth gun violence as a large-scale problem. The plan is based on the work of criminologist David M. Kennedy.
Operation Ceasefire was responsible for a 63 percent reduction in youth homicide victimization and is now implemented in dozens of cities as the NNSC's Group Violence Intervention (GVI). [3] The NNSC has used GVI's framework to develop strategies to address overt drug markets, intimate partner violence, prison violence, and individual gun violence.
Published 2011, Kennedy's Don't Shoot: One Man, a Street Fellowship, and the End of Violence in Inner-City America describes the development of Operation Ceasefire, also commonly known as the Group Violence Intervention, which he and colleagues introduced in Boston, Massachusetts to combat gang-related violence in poor, predominantly black neighborhoods.
Cure Violence has its roots in a 1999 organizing effort which included religious leaders, law enforcement officials, and academics. [1] In particular, epidemiologist Gary Slutkin, who was directing the Chicago Project for Violence Prevention at the University of Illinois, promoted a plan to prevent violence based on the previously successful Operation Ceasefire.
[4] [5] Among the focused deterrence programs that have been implemented in the United States is the Operation Ceasefire program in Boston, which aimed to concentrate law enforcement efforts on violent criminals in crime "hot spots". [6] This was the first program, created by criminologist David M. Kennedy.
The ceasefire's deadline for the withdrawal of Israeli forces from Lebanon was due to expire on 26 January. The Israeli forces still remained in Lebanon at this time and the ceasefire was extended to mid-February. Israel accused the Lebanese government of failing to remove Hezbollah forces from the area as stipulated by the ceasefire agreement.
Israel eventually repulsed the Syrian operation, and crossed the Suez Canal through a gap between Egyptian forces. Israeli forces then pushed further into Syria, and encircled elements of the Egyptian 3rd Army. [1] [2] [3] Fighting continued until 22 October 1973, when United Nations Security Council Resolution 338 called for a ceasefire. [4]
This page is subject to the extended confirmed restriction related to the Arab-Israeli conflict. October 7 Hamas-led attack on Israel Part of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, the Gaza war, and the Middle Eastern crisis Satellite view of fires in the Gaza envelope on October 7, 2023 Date October 7–8, 2023 Location Gaza Envelope, Southern District, Israel Result Israeli defensive failure ...