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Attalus I (Ancient Greek: Ἄτταλος ' Attalos '), surnamed Soter (Greek: Σωτήρ, ' Savior '; 269–197 BC), [2] was the ruler of the Greek polis of Pergamon (modern-day Bergama, Turkey) and the larger Pergamene Kingdom from 241 BC to 197 BC.
E. coli is a gram-negative, facultative anaerobe, nonsporulating coliform bacterium. [18] Cells are typically rod-shaped, and are about 2.0 μm long and 0.25–1.0 μm in diameter, with a cell volume of 0.6–0.7 μm 3. [19] [20] [21] E. coli stains gram-negative because its cell wall is composed of a thin peptidoglycan layer and an outer membrane.
To the right there is a square situated at a height of 2.5 meters above the temple's level, on a specially made terrace, constructed under order of the king Attalus I of Pergamon (240–197 B.C.). The square encloses a total surface of about 1000 sq m (measuring 41×23 meters) and constituted an extension of the temple area to the east.
Attalus I was the first Pergamene ruler who dared to go against this precedent. [4] The stoppage of payment led to a military mobilization by both the Pergamenes and the Galatians, eventually leading to war between the two parties. Attalus I's reign began in 241 BC, giving the earliest possible date for this battle to have occurred.
In 218 BC, Achaeus undertook an expedition to Selge, south of the Taurus. Attalus recaptured his former territories with the help of some Thracian Gauls. Achaeus returned from his victorious campaign in 217 BC and hostilities between the two resumed. Attalus made an alliance with Antiochus III, who besieged Achaeus in Sardis in 214 BC.
Apollonis (Ancient Greek: Ἀπολλωνίς, romanized: Apollōnís) was the wife of Attalus I, the first ruler of Pergamon (now Bergama, Turkey). The dates of her birth and death are unclear; scholars estimate that she was born around 240 BCE., [1] while estimating her death as any time between 175 and 159 BCE. [2]
See Wikipedia:Guide to writing better articles#Lead section. 2) It is hard to understand the article, or even the lead section, without some context. This doesn't take a lot of work or text. E.g. "ruler of Pergamon, a Greek city state in present-day Turkey" makes the article much more readable. Adding such context is necessary for the entire ...
E. coli colonies containing the fluorescent pGLO plasmid. Escherichia coli (/ ˌ ɛ ʃ ɪ ˈ r ɪ k i ə ˈ k oʊ l aɪ /; commonly abbreviated E. coli) is a Gram-negative gammaproteobacterium commonly found in the lower intestine of warm-blooded organisms (endotherms). The descendants of two isolates, K-12 and B strain, are used routinely in ...