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e. The Chernobyl disaster began on 26 April 1986 with the explosion of the No. 4 reactor of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant near the city of Pripyat in northern Ukraine, near the Belarus border in the Soviet Union. [ 1 ] It is one of only two nuclear energy accidents rated at the maximum severity on the International Nuclear Event Scale, the ...
The Chernobyl disaster was a catastrophic nuclear disaster that occurred in the early hours of 26 April 1986, at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in Soviet Ukraine.The accident occurred when Reactor Number 4 exploded and destroyed most of the reactor building, spreading debris and radioactive material across the surrounding area, and over the following days and weeks, most of mainland Europe ...
The Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant[a] (ChNPP) is a nuclear power plant undergoing decommissioning. ChNPP is located near the abandoned city of Pripyat in northern Ukraine, 16.5 kilometers (10 mi) northwest of the city of Chernobyl, 16 kilometers (10 mi) from the Belarus–Ukraine border, and about 100 kilometers (62 mi) north of Kyiv.
Effects of the Chernobyl disaster. The 1986 Chernobyl disaster triggered the release of radioactive contamination into the atmosphere in the form of both particulate and gaseous radioisotopes. As of 2024, it was the world's largest known release of radioactivity into the environment.
Chernobyl compared to background radiation. The external relative gamma dose for a person in the open near the Chernobyl disaster site. The intermediate-lived fission products like Cs-137 contribute nearly all of the gamma dose now after a number of decades have passed, see opposite. The relative contributions of the major nuclides to the ...
Initially, the Soviet Union 's toll of deaths directly caused by the Chernobyl disaster included only the two Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant workers killed in the immediate aftermath of the explosion of the plant's reactor. However, by late 1986, Soviet officials updated the official count to 30, reflecting the deaths of 28 additional plant ...
The New Safe Confinement (NSC or New Shelter; Ukrainian: Новий безпечний конфайнмент) is a structure put in place in 2016 to confine the remains of the number 4 reactor unit at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant, in Ukraine, which was destroyed during the Chernobyl disaster in 1986. The structure also encloses the ...
Wigner effect. The Wigner effect (named for its discoverer, Eugene Wigner), [1] also known as the discomposition effect or Wigner's disease, [2] is the displacement of atoms in a solid caused by neutron radiation. Any solid can display the Wigner effect. The effect is of most concern in neutron moderators, such as graphite, intended to reduce ...