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  2. Insertion sort - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insertion_sort

    Insertion sort. Insertion sort is a simple sorting algorithm that builds the final sorted array (or list) one item at a time by comparisons. It is much less efficient on large lists than more advanced algorithms such as quicksort, heapsort, or merge sort. However, insertion sort provides several advantages:

  3. Lexicographic order - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lexicographic_order

    In mathematics, the lexicographic or lexicographical order (also known as lexical order, or dictionary order) is a generalization of the alphabetical order of the dictionaries to sequences of ordered symbols or, more generally, of elements of a totally ordered set. There are several variants and generalizations of the lexicographical ordering.

  4. Linked list - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_list

    A linked list is a sequence of nodes that contain two fields: data (an integer value here as an example) and a link to the next node. The last node is linked to a terminator used to signify the end of the list. In computer science, a linked list is a linear collection of data elements whose order is not given by their physical placement in memory.

  5. Permutation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permutation

    To convert an inversion table d n, d n−1, ..., d 2, d 1 into the corresponding permutation, one can traverse the numbers from d 1 to d n while inserting the elements of S from largest to smallest into an initially empty sequence; at the step using the number d from the inversion table, the element from S inserted into the sequence at the ...

  6. Sorting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorting

    Sorting refers to ordering data in an increasing or decreasing manner according to some linear relationship among the data items. ordering: arranging items in a sequence ordered by some criterion; categorizing: grouping items with similar properties. Ordering items is the combination of categorizing them based on equivalent order, and ordering ...

  7. Hash table - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hash_table

    A small phone book as a hash table. In computing, a hash table is a data structure that implements an associative array, also called a dictionary or simply map; an associative array is an abstract data type that maps keys to values. [2] A hash table uses a hash function to compute an index, also called a hash code, into an array of buckets or ...

  8. Order of operations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_operations

    Order of operations. In mathematics and computer programming, the order of operations is a collection of rules that reflect conventions about which operations to perform first in order to evaluate a given mathematical expression. These rules are formalized with a ranking of the operations. The rank of an operation is called its precedence, and ...

  9. Arithmetic progression - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arithmetic_progression

    Arithmetic progression. An arithmetic progression or arithmetic sequence is a sequence of numbers such that the difference from any succeeding term to its preceding term remains constant throughout the sequence. The constant difference is called common difference of that arithmetic progression.