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2. Physically based rendering - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physically_based_rendering

   A diamond plate texture rendered close-up using physically based rendering principles. Microfacet abrasions cover the material, giving it a rough, realistic look even though the material is a metal. Specular highlights are high and realistically modeled at the appropriate edge of the tread using a normal map.

3. Texture (visual arts) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texture_(visual_arts)

   The bumpy texture of tactile paving.. The physical texture, also known as actual texture or tactile texture, refers to the patterns of variations found on a solid surface. . These can encompass a wide range of materials, including but not limited to fur, canvas, wood grain, sand, leather, satin, eggshell, matte, or smooth surfaces like metal or g

4. Procedural texture - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procedural_texture

   Procedurally generated tiling textures. In computer graphics, a procedural texture [1] is a texture created using a mathematical description (i.e. an algorithm) rather than directly stored data. The advantage of this approach is low storage cost, unlimited texture resolution and easy texture mapping. [2]

5. Normal mapping - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normal_mapping

   A normal pointing to top right corner of the texture (1,1,0) is mapped to (255,255,128). Hence the top-right corner of an object is usually light yellow. The brightest part of a color map. A normal pointing to right of the texture (1,0,0) is mapped to (255,128,128). Hence the right edge of an object is usually light red.

6. Subsurface scattering - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subsurface_scattering

   Real-world subsurface scattering of light in a photograph of a human hand Computer-generated subsurface scattering in Blender. Subsurface scattering (SSS), also known as subsurface light transport (SSLT), [1] is a mechanism of light transport in which light that penetrates the surface of a translucent object is scattered by interacting with the material and exits the surface potentially at a ...

7. Bump mapping - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bump_mapping

   Bump mapping [1] is a texture mapping technique in computer graphics for simulating bumps and wrinkles on the surface of an object. This is achieved by perturbing the surface normals of the object and using the perturbed normal during lighting calculations. The result is an apparently bumpy surface rather than a smooth surface, although the ...

8. Texture synthesis - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texture_synthesis

   Texture synthesis is the process of algorithmically constructing a large digital image from a small digital sample image by taking advantage of its structural content. It is an object of research in computer graphics and is used in many fields, amongst others digital image editing, 3D computer graphics and post-production of films.

9. Vertex (computer graphics) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertex_(computer_graphics)

   Texture coordinates Also known as UV coordinates, these control the texture mapping of the surface, possibly for multiple layers. normal vectors These define an approximated curved surface at the location of the vertex, used for lighting calculations (such as Phong shading), normal mapping, or displacement mapping, and to control subdivision.