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Over a field, the free algebra on n indeterminates can be constructed as the tensor algebra on an n-dimensional vector space. For a more general coefficient ring, the same construction works if we take the free module on n generators. The construction of the free algebra on E is functorial in nature and satisfies an appropriate universal property.
Many mathematical problems have been stated but not yet solved. These problems come from many areas of mathematics, such as theoretical physics, computer science, algebra, analysis, combinatorics, algebraic, differential, discrete and Euclidean geometries, graph theory, group theory, model theory, number theory, set theory, Ramsey theory, dynamical systems, and partial differential equations.
We first define a free product of two algebras. Let A and B be algebras over a commutative ring R . Consider their tensor algebra , the direct sum of all possible finite tensor products of A , B ; explicitly, T = ⨁ n = 0 ∞ T n {\displaystyle T=\bigoplus _{n=0}^{\infty }T_{n}} where
Every polynomial ring R[x 1, ..., x n] is a commutative R-algebra. In fact, this is the free commutative R-algebra on the set {x 1, ..., x n}. The free R-algebra on a set E is an algebra of "polynomials" with coefficients in R and noncommuting indeterminates taken from the set E. The tensor algebra of an R-module is naturally an associative R ...
Download as PDF; Printable version; ... • Free product of associative algebras ... Free algebra. Clifford algebra • Geometric algebra
Hence when n = 1, R is an R-module, where the scalar multiplication is just ring multiplication. The case n = 0 yields the trivial R-module {0} consisting only of its identity element. Modules of this type are called free and if R has invariant basis number (e.g. any commutative ring or field) the number n is then the rank of the free module.
These equations induce equivalence classes on the free algebra; the quotient algebra then has the algebraic structure of a group. Some structures do not form varieties, because either: It is necessary that 0 ≠ 1, 0 being the additive identity element and 1 being a multiplicative identity element, but this is a nonidentity;
Elementary algebra, also known as high school algebra or college algebra, [1] encompasses the basic concepts of algebra. It is often contrasted with arithmetic : arithmetic deals with specified numbers , [ 2 ] whilst algebra introduces variables (quantities without fixed values).
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