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The phonemic analysis of moraic consonants is disputed. One approach, particularly popular among Japanese scholars, analyzes moraic consonants as the phonetic realization of special "mora phonemes" (モーラ 音素, mōra onso): a mora nasal /N/, called the hatsuon, and a mora obstruent consonant /Q/, called the sokuon. [46]
List of languages Language Language family Phonemes Notes Ref Total Consonants Vowels, tones and stress Arabic (Standard): Afroasiatic: 34: 28 6 Modern spoken dialects might have a different number of phonemes; for exmple the long vowels /eː/ and /oː/ are phonemic in most Mashriqi dialects.
This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Japanese on Wikipedia. It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Japanese in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them.
Different languages vary considerably in the number of phonemes they have in their systems (although apparent variation may sometimes result from the different approaches taken by the linguists doing the analysis). The total phonemic inventory in languages varies from as few as 9–11 in Pirahã and 11 in Rotokas to as many as 141 in ǃXũ.
A short introduction on the general aspects of the language, major dialects and what makes it unique in terms of sound inventory, phonotactics, etc. Use of the International Phonetic Alphabet is encouraged. (Standard transliteration schemes like SAMPA are OK but not preferred.) Surround phonemic/phonetic symbols with the IPA template, like this:
Phonetic change can occur without any modification to the phoneme inventory or phonemic correspondences. This change is purely allophonic or subphonemic. This can entail one of two changes: either the phoneme turns into a new allophone—meaning the phonetic form changes—or the distribution of allophones of the phoneme changes.
Japanese is an agglutinative, synthetic, mora-timed language with simple phonotactics, a pure vowel system, phonemic vowel and consonant length, and a lexically significant pitch-accent. Word order is normally subject–object–verb with particles marking the grammatical function of words, and sentence structure is topic–comment.
The Japanese liquid is most often realized as an alveolar tap [ɾ], though there is some variation depending on phonetic context. [1] /r/ of American English (the dialect Japanese speakers are typically exposed to) is most commonly a postalveolar central approximant with simultaneous secondary pharyngeal constriction [ɹ̠ˤ] or less commonly a retroflex approximant [ɻ].