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Genghis Khan was born c. 1162, son of a Borjigit warrior named Yesügei, a member of the Qiyat sub-clan; over the next decades, he subjugated or killed all potential rivals, Borjigit or not. [3] By the time that Genghis established the Mongol Empire in 1206, the only remaining Borjigit were the descendants of Yesügei. [4]
The authors suggested they were members of the Golden Family, and linked the spread of R1b-M343 to the former territories of the Mongol Empire. The authors also suggested that the Tavan Tolgoi bodies are related either to the female lineages of Genghis Khan's Borjigin clan, or to Genghis Khan's male lineage, rather than the Ongud clan. [14]
Temüjin being proclaimed as Genghis Khan, as illustrated in a 15th-century Jami' al-tawarikh manuscript. [g] [74] Now sole ruler of the steppe, Temüjin held a large assembly called a kurultai at the source of the Onon River in 1206. [75] Here, he formally adopted the title "Genghis Khan", the etymology and meaning of which have been much debated.
Numerous studies by teams of biochemists led by M. V. Derenko (2007), based on the Y-DNA of people who claim to be modern descendants of Genghis Khan, have indicated that Genghis Khan may have belonged to a subclade of Haplogroup C-M217 (C2) such as C-F4002 (C2b1a3).
As descendants of Timur, they are also members of the Timurid dynasty, and therefore were connected to other royal families in the Mediterranean, Middle East, and Far East. As such, the Mughal Empire was descended from two powerful dynasties. Babur was also directly descended from Genghis Khan through his son Chagatai Khan.
The word "Chingisid" derives from the name of the Mongol conqueror Genghis (Chingis) Khan (c. 1162–1227 CE). Genghis and his successors created a vast empire stretching from the Sea of Japan to the Black Sea. The Chingisid principle, [15] or golden lineage, was the rule of inheritance laid down in the , the legal code attributed to Genghis Khan.
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The name was chosen for Babur by the Sufi saint Khwaja Ahrar, who was the spiritual master of his father. [20] The difficulty of pronouncing the name for his Central Asian Turco-Mongol army may have been responsible for the greater popularity of his nickname Babur, [21] also variously spelled Baber, [22] Babar, [23] and Bābor. [5]