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John Loudon McAdam, 1830, National Gallery, London. John Loudon McAdam (23 September 1756 [1] – 26 November 1836) was a Scottish civil engineer and road-builder. He invented a new process, "macadamisation", for building roads with a smooth hard surface, using controlled materials of mixed particle size and predetermined structure, that would be more durable and less muddy than soil-based tracks.
Macadam is a type of road construction pioneered by Scottish engineer John Loudon McAdam c. 1820, in which crushed stone is placed in shallow, convex layers and compacted thoroughly. A binding layer of stone dust (crushed stone from the original material) may form; it may also, after rolling, be covered with a cement or bituminous binder to ...
John Macadam was born at Northbank, Glasgow, Scotland, on 29 May 1827, [1] the son of William Macadam (1783-1853) and Helen, née Stevenson (1803-1857). [2] His father was a Glasgow businessman, who owned a spinning and textile printing works in Kilmarnock, and was a burgess and a bailie (magistrate) of Glasgow. [3]
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The Industrial Revolution, ... Thomas Telford and most notably John McAdam, with the first 'macadam' stretch of road being Marsh Road at Ashton Gate, ...
The atmospheric engine built by Thomas Newcomen to pump water from the mines powered the Industrial Revolution. Plantations conceived by Joseph Banks in New Zealand and Australia with James Cook sowed the seeds of the global economy. Mechanisation emerged in the cotton industry from John Kay's flying shuttle and James Hargreaves’ spinning jenny.
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During Industrial Revolution, John Loudon McAdam (1756–1836) designed the first modern highways, using inexpensive paving material of soil and stone aggregate , and the embanked roads a few centimeters higher than the surrounding terrain to cause water to drain away from the surface.