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The kinetic theory of gases is a simple classical model of the thermodynamic behavior of gases. Its introduction allowed many principal concepts of thermodynamics to be established. Its introduction allowed many principal concepts of thermodynamics to be established.
At the molecular level, gas dynamics is a study of the kinetic theory of gases, often leading to the study of gas diffusion, statistical mechanics, chemical thermodynamics and non-equilibrium thermodynamics. [2] Gas dynamics is synonymous with aerodynamics when the gas field is air and the subject of study is flight.
According to the assumptions of the kinetic theory of ideal gases, one can consider that there are no intermolecular attractions between the molecules, or atoms, of an ideal gas. In other words, its potential energy is zero. Hence, all the energy possessed by the gas is the kinetic energy of the molecules, or atoms, of the gas.
Kinetic theory may refer to: Kinetic theory of matter: A general account of the properties of matter, including solids liquids and gases, based around the idea that heat or temperature is a manifestation of atoms and molecules in constant agitation. Kinetic theory of gases, an account of gas properties in terms of motion and interaction of ...
To derive Charles's law from kinetic theory, it is necessary to have a microscopic definition of temperature: this can be conveniently taken as the temperature being proportional to the average kinetic energy of the gas molecules, E k: ¯.
Effusion from an equilibrated container into outside vacuum can be calculated based on kinetic theory. [2] The number of atomic or molecular collisions with a wall of a container per unit area per unit time (impingement rate) is given by: =. assuming mean free path is much greater than pinhole diameter and the gas can be treated as an ideal gas.
Kinetic theory provides insight into the macroscopic properties of gases by considering their molecular composition and motion. Starting with the definitions of momentum and kinetic energy , [ 18 ] one can use the conservation of momentum and geometric relationships of a cube to relate macroscopic system properties of temperature and pressure ...
A theoretical understanding of temperature in a hard-sphere model of a gas can be obtained from the Kinetic theory. Maxwell and Boltzmann developed a kinetic theory that yields a fundamental understanding of temperature in gases. [78] This theory also explains the ideal gas law and the observed heat capacity of monatomic (or 'noble') gases. [79 ...