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It is a purplish-black crystalline salt, which dissolves in water as K + and MnO − 4 ions to give an intensely pink to purple solution. Potassium permanganate is widely used in the chemical industry and laboratories as a strong oxidizing agent , and also as a medication for dermatitis , for cleaning wounds , and general disinfection .
This reaction illustrates the relatively rare role of hydroxide as a reducing agent. The concentration of K 2 MnO 4 in such solutions can be checked by measuring their absorbance at 610 nm. The one-electron reduction of permanganate to manganate can also be effected using iodide as the reducing agent: 2 KMnO 4 + 2 KI → 2 K 2 MnO 4 + I 2
The white smoke-like vapor produced by the reaction is a mixture of carbon dioxide gas and water vapor. Since the reaction is highly exothermic, initial sparking occurs, followed by a lilac- or pink-colored flame. [9] When energy or heat is added to electrons, their energy level increases to an excited state.
The kinetics of the reaction are complex, and the manganese(II) ions (Mn 2+) formed catalyze the further reaction between permanganate and oxalic acid (formed in situ by the addition of excess sulfuric acid). The final equation is as follows: [7] 5 Na 2 C 2 O 4 + 2 KMnO 4 + 8 H 2 SO 4 → K 2 SO 4 + 5 Na 2 SO 4 + 2 MnSO 4 + 10 CO 2 + 8 H 2 O
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This reaction to form carbon dioxide and molybdenum is endothermic at low temperatures, becoming less so with increasing temperature. [18] ΔH° is zero at 1855 K, and the reaction becomes exothermic above that temperature. Changes in temperature can also reverse the direction tendency of a reaction. For example, the water gas shift reaction
The Los Angeles County Fire Department reported that as of Friday morning, Jan. 10, the Palisades Fire was 8% contained and 20,438 acres had been burned, and the Eaton Fire remained 3% contained ...