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In the Uttara-purāṇa, Mahavira's life is described in three parvans, or sections, (74–76) and 1,818 verses. [99] Vardhamacharitra is a Sanskrit kāvya poem, written by Asaga in 853 CE , which narrates the life of Mahavira. [100] [101] [102] The Kalpa Sūtra is a collection of biographies of tirthankaras, notably Parshvanatha and Mahavira.
Siddhartha was the father of Mahavira (Vardhamana), the 24th Jain Tirthankara. He was a Kshatriya ruler from the Ikshvaku dynasty [2] and the Gaṇa Mukhya of the Nāya clan in Kundagrama, a suburb of Vaishali. He was married to Licchavi princess Trishala (sister of Chetaka of Vaishali). [1]
He was named Vardhamana, meaning "One who grows", because of the increased prosperity in the kingdom at the time of his birth. [5] In Vasokund, Mahavira is revered by the villagers. A place called Ahalya bhumi has not been ploughed for hundreds of years by the family that owns it, as it is considered to be the birthplace of Mahavira. [4]
Vardhamana Mahavira, the 24th and the last Tirthankara of Jainism, was born in Vaishali around sixth century B.C. [1] His father was Kshatriya from Ikshvaku Dynasty chief of Kundalpur which has been identified with modern-day Nalanda district. [2] Mahavir achieved nirvana in Pawapuri which is today a pilgrimage site for Jains from across the ...
He is most known for his extant work in Sanskrit, the Vardhamana Charitra (Life of Vardhamana). This epic poem which runs into eighteen cantos was written in 853 CE. It is the earliest available Sanskrit biography of the last tirthankara of Jainism, Mahavira. In all, he authored at least eight works in Sanskrit. [2]
As per Shvetambara texts and Indologist Hermann Jacobi, Vardhamana Mahavira's mother Trishala was sister of Consul Chetaka. [4] His third wife, Kshema, was a daughter of the chief of the Madra tribe of Punjab. [6]
Image of Vardhamana Mahavira, the 24th and last Tirthankara (Photo:Samanar Hills) The word Tīrthaṅkara signifies the founder of a tirtha which means a fordable passage across a sea. The Tirthankara show the "fordable path" across the sea of interminable births and deaths. [9]
His three names have thus been recorded by tradition: by his parents he was called Vardhamana, because he is devoid of love and hate; (he is called) Sramana (i.e. ascetic), because he sustains dreadful dangers and fears, the noble nakedness, and the miseries of the world; the name Venerable Ascetic Mahavira has been given to him by the gods.