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Gelatinization temperature also depends on the amount of damaged starch granules; these will swell faster. Damaged starch can be produced, for example, during the wheat milling process, or when drying the starch cake in a starch plant. [5] There is an inverse correlation between gelatinization temperature and glycemic index. [4]
High-amylose starch from wheat or corn has a higher gelatinization temperature than other types of starch, and retains its resistant starch content through baking, mild extrusion and other food processing techniques.
Potato starch contains approximately 800 ppm phosphate bound to the starch; this increases the viscosity and gives the solution a slightly anionic character, a low gelatinisation temperature of approximately 60 °C (140 °F), [1] and high swelling power.
In addition, amylose chains can leak out as the granule swells. The viscosity of the solution increases as the temperature is increased. [39] The gelatinization temperature is defined as the temperature at which maximum gelatinization or swelling of the starch granule has occurred. This is also the point of maximum viscosity.
It is a suspension of starch in water, which needs dewatering up to 20% of moisture. This is equivalent to the moisture content of commercial starch when stored. High temperatures cannot be used in this process because of the danger of starch gelatinization which destroys granular structure. It may result in significant changes of the ...
Retrogradation can expel water from the polymer network. This process is known as syneresis. A small amount of water can be seen on top of the gel. Retrogradation is directly related to the staling or aging of bread. [3] Retrograded starch is a type of resistant starch. Chemical modification of starches can reduce or enhance the retrogradation ...
The mixing ensures the gelatinization is homogeneous in the slurry, crucial for consistent test results. An additional effect of the high temperature is that the alpha-amylase enzyme contained in the grain begins to break the starch down into glucose and maltose, thereby reducing the viscosity of the slurry. The amount of starch break-down is ...
Modified starch, bonded with phosphate, allows the starch to absorb more water and keeps the ingredients together. [8] Modified starch acts as an emulsifier for French dressing by enveloping oil droplets and suspending them in the water. Acid-treated starch forms the shell of jelly beans. Oxidized starch increases the stickiness of batter.