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2. Steel plate shear wall - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steel_plate_shear_wall

   An SPW frame can be idealized as a vertical cantilever plate girder, in which the steel plates act as the web, the columns act as the flanges and the cross beams represent the transverse stiffeners. The theory that governs plate design should not be used in the design of SPW structures since the relatively high bending strength and stiffness of ...

3. Framing (construction) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Framing_(construction)

   Wall framing in house construction includes the vertical and horizontal members of exterior walls and interior partitions, both of bearing walls and non-bearing walls. . These stick members, referred to as studs, wall plates and lintels (sometimes called headers), serve as a nailing base for all covering material and support the upper floor platforms, which provide the lateral strength along a

4. Wall stud - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wall_stud

   Wall studs are framing components in timber or steel-framed walls, that run between the top and bottom plates.It is a fundamental element in frame building. The majority non-masonry buildings rely on wall studs, with wood being the most common and least-expensive material used for studs.

5. Load-bearing wall - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Load-bearing_wall

   A beam of PSL lumber installed to replace a load-bearing wall at the first floor of a three-story building. The top plate or ceiling plate is the top of the wall, which sits just below the platform of the next floor (at the ceiling). The base plate or floor plate is the bottom attachment point for the wall studs.

6. Sill plate - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sill_plate

   A sill plate or sole plate in construction and architecture is the bottom horizontal member of a wall or building to which vertical members are attached. The word "plate" is typically omitted in America and carpenters speak simply of the "sill". Other names are rat sill, ground plate, ground sill, groundsel, night plate, and midnight sill. [1 ...

7. Table (furniture) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Table_(furniture)

   Tables can be freestanding or designed for placement against a wall. Tables designed to be placed against a wall are known as pier tables [9] or console table s (French: console, "support bracket") and may be bracket-mounted (traditionally), like a shelf, or have legs, which sometimes imitate the look of a bracket-mounted table.

8. Trimmer (construction) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trimmer_(construction)

   In light-frame construction, a trimmer is a timber or metal beam (joist) used to create an opening around a stairwell, skylight, chimney, and the like. Trimmers are installed parallel to the primary floor or ceiling joists and support headers , which run perpendicular to the primary joists.

9. Architectural lighting design - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architectural_lighting_design

   The history of electric light is well documented, [11] and with the developments in lighting technology the profession of lighting developed alongside it. The development of high-efficiency, low-cost fluorescent lamps led to a reliance on electric light and a uniform blanket approach to lighting, but the energy crisis of the 1970s required more design consideration and reinvigorated the use of ...