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Thus what is known of the auditory system has been continually changing. The encoding of sounds includes the transduction of sound waves into electrical impulses (action potentials) along auditory nerve fibers, and further processing in the brain.
The auditory system is the sensory system for the sense of hearing. ... The journey of countless nerves begins with this first step; from here, further processing ...
In physiology, transduction is the translation of arriving stimulus into an action potential by a sensory receptor. It begins when stimulus changes the membrane potential of a sensory receptor . A sensory receptor converts the energy in a stimulus into an electrical signal. [ 1 ]
Within the primary auditory cortex, the auditosensory cortex extends posteromedially over the gyrus. [2] Brodmann area 42 is an auditory core region bordered medially by Brodmann area 41 and laterally by Brodmann area 22. [2] The auditosensory cortex demarcates the lateral edge of Brodmann area 41. [2]
The auditory cortex is composed of Brodmann areas 41 and 42, also known as the anterior transverse temporal area 41 and the posterior transverse temporal area 42, respectively. Both areas act similarly and are integral in receiving and processing the signals transmitted from auditory receptors. Human nose
The auditory system is responsible for converting pressure waves generated by vibrating air molecules or sound into signals that can be interpreted by the brain. This mechanoelectrical transduction is mediated with hair cells within the ear. Depending on the movement, the hair cell can either hyperpolarize or depolarize.
Gap-junction proteins, called connexins, expressed in the cochlea play an important role in auditory functioning. [16] Mutations in gap-junction genes have been found to cause syndromic and nonsyndromic deafness. [17] Certain connexins, including connexin 30 and connexin 26, are prevalent in the two distinct gap-junction systems found in the ...
Cross-section through the spiral organ of Corti at greater magnification, showing position of the hair cells on the basement membrane. The organ of Corti is located in the scala media of the cochlea of the inner ear between the vestibular duct and the tympanic duct and is composed of mechanosensory cells, known as hair cells. [2]