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The MOCA seen on the NACO en route chart, may have been computed by adding the required obstacle clearance (ROC) to the controlling obstacle in the primary area or computed by using a TERPS chart if the controlling obstacle is located in the secondary area. This figure is then rounded to the nearest 100 foot increment, i.e. 2,049 feet becomes ...
The initial altitude is sometimes stated on the charts. If not, it will be given by the air traffic controller. The departure frequency is given to the pilot when ATC hands the aircraft over to the next sector. A typical IFR clearance would be: OOABC, cleared to Ostend via the DENUT 7C departure, climb flight level six zero, squawk four six ...
The MEA prescribed for a Federal airway or segment, RNAV low or high route, or other direct route applies to the entire width of the airway, segment, or route. MEAs for routes wholly contained within controlled airspace normally provide a buffer above the floor of controlled airspace consisting of at least 300 feet within transition areas and 500 feet within control areas.
In aviation, a minimum crossing altitude (MCA) is the lowest altitude at which a navigational fix can be crossed when entering or continuing along an airway that will allow an aircraft to clear all obstacles while carrying out a normal climb to the required minimum en route IFR altitude (MEA) of the airway in question beyond the fix.
A clearance always specifies a clearance limit, which is the farthest the aircraft can fly without a new clearance. In addition, a clearance typically provides a heading or route to follow, altitude, and communication parameters, such as frequencies and transponder codes. In uncontrolled airspace, ATC clearances are unavailable.
A SID clearance is issued to the pilot based on a combination of the destination, the first waypoint in the flight plan, and the takeoff runway used. A standard instrument departure procedure consists of a number of waypoints or fixes, which may either be given by their geographical coordinates or be defined by radio beacons , such as VOR or ...
Whenever an MOA is active, nonparticipating IFR traffic may be cleared through the area provided ATC can ensure IFR separation; otherwise, ATC will reroute or restrict nonparticipating IFR traffic. Although MOA's do not restrict VFR operations, pilots operating under VFR should exercise extreme caution while flying within, near, or below an ...
PANS-OPS defines "protection surfaces" which are imaginary surfaces in space that guarantee an aircraft a certain minimum obstacle clearance, similar to the purpose of obstacle limitation surfaces (OLS) in Annex 14. These surfaces may be used as a tool for local governments in assessing building development.