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Narcolepsy is a chronic neurological disorder that impairs the ability to regulate sleep–wake cycles, and specifically impacts REM (rapid eye movement) sleep. [1] The pentad symptoms of narcolepsy include excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), sleep-related hallucinations, sleep paralysis, disturbed nocturnal sleep (DNS), and cataplexy. [1]
This condition was first discovered in 1995 by Melberg et al. when they described 5 members of a 4-generation Swedish family where cerebellar ataxia and sensorineural deafness presented as an autosomal dominant trait, 4 of them had narcolepsy and 2 had diabetes mellitus. The oldest members had psychiatric symptoms, neurological anomalies, and ...
An NT2 is a more sophisticated local switching device such as a PBX, that may convert the signal to a different format or hand it off as S/T to terminal equipment. [ 6 ] In America, the NT1 is customer premises equipment (CPE) which is purchased and maintained by the user, which makes the U interface a User–network interface (UNI). [ 2 ]
NT1 aired animes since its beginning targeting teens, in the beginning in the after-school slot. [15] Its original owner AB Groupe was an important distributor of animes in France, having produced Club Dorothée, a television block of TF1 from 1987 to 1997 which aired mostly animes which were controversial due to their violence for a children ...
Patients with narcolepsy are diagnosed as either type 1 or type 2, with only the former presenting cataplexy symptoms. [58] Type 1 narcolepsy results from the loss of approximately 70,000 orexin -releasing neurons in the lateral hypothalamus , leading to significantly reduced cerebrospinal orexin levels; [ 59 ] [ 60 ] this reduction is a ...
Danavorexton (developmental code name TAK-925) is a selective orexin 2 receptor agonist. [1] It is a small-molecule compound and is administered intravenously. [1] [2] The compound was found to dose-dependently produce wakefulness to a similar degree as modafinil in a phase 1 clinical trial.
Narcolepsy with cataplexy is considered an autoimmune-mediated disorder, so some therapies based on this hypothesis have been developed. Immunological therapies developed include: [ 20 ] Corticosteroids : after testing in 1 human and 1 canine case it proved to be ineffective so is less likely to be further used.
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