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Schematic diagram of an opto-isolator showing source of light (LED) on the left, dielectric barrier in the center, and sensor (phototransistor) on the right [note 1]. An opto-isolator (also called an optocoupler, photocoupler, or optical isolator) is an electronic component that transfers electrical signals between two isolated circuits by using light. [1]
A schematic pinout of an extremely simple opto-isolator device. Often diode and transistor protection and/or amplification will be added. The dashed line in the centre represents to isolation barrer, over which no electrical contact can be permitted.
Schematic diagram of optocoupler. Own work. 00:05, 9 January 2007: 320 × 240 (7 KB) Riflemann~commonswiki: Optocoupler schematic diagram. Own work. File usage.
English: A diagram of a simple circuit using an optocoupler. When the switch S' 1 is closed, the diode emits light and the transistor conducts. v' out thus goes low. This circuit therefore acts much like a logicalNOT gate.
Opto-isolator: often changed to "U" for IC P: Plug (most-movable connector of a connector pair), plug connector (connector may have "male" pin contacts and/or "female" socket contacts) PD: Photodiode: Q: Transistor (all types) R: Resistor: RN: Resistor network: sometimes simplified to "R" for resistor, or "N" for network RT: Thermistor
The slotted optical switch, sometimes known as opto switch or optical switch but not to be confused with the optical component, is a device comprising a photoemitter (e.g. LED) and a photodetector (e.g. photodiode) mounted in a single package so that the photoemitter normally illuminates the photodetector, but an opaque object can be inserted in a slot between them so as to break the beam.
An opto-isolator is a very popular method of isolation in digital circuits. Cross-section of dual in-line package opto-isolators. Relative sizes of LED (red) and sensor (green) are exaggerated. Everlight EL817 phototransistor opto-isolator in DIP-4 package Halo TG110-S050N2RL 10/100BASE-TX Ethernet pulse transformer in SO-16 package.
A photodiode is often combined into a single component with an emitter of light, usually a light-emitting diode (LED), either to detect the presence of a mechanical obstruction to the beam (slotted optical switch) or to couple two digital or analog circuits while maintaining extremely high electrical isolation between them, often for safety ...