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Sulfur sticks are tools used in industrial ammonia refrigeration systems to detect minor ammonia leaks. A sulfur stick is made from a wick which contains particles of sulfur. The sulfur stick is lit and burns with an open flame, [1] and the color of the sulfur smoke is used to find the leak. When there is no ammonia present, the smoke is ...
The International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) (also known, in French, as the Institut International du Froid (IIF)), is an independent intergovernmental science and technology-based organization that promotes knowledge of refrigeration and associated technologies and applications on a global scale that improve quality of life in a cost-effective and environmentally sustainable manner ...
Common absorption refrigerators use a refrigerant with a very low boiling point (less than −18 °C (0 °F)) just like compressor refrigerators.Compression refrigerators typically use an HCFC or HFC, while absorption refrigerators typically use ammonia or water and need at least a second fluid able to absorb the coolant, the absorbent, respectively water (for ammonia) or brine (for water).
For example, an adsorption refrigeration device with active carbon fiber as the adsorbent and ammonia as the refrigerant was designed. [2] Adsorption refrigeration has been extensively researched in recent years because the technology is often noiseless, non-corrosive and environmentally friendly. [5]
Anhydrous ammonia is widely used in industrial refrigeration applications and hockey rinks because of its high energy efficiency and low cost. R-1234yf HFO-1234yf: C 3 H 2 F 4: 2,3,3,3-Tetrafluoropropene <1: Less performance but also less flammable than R-290. [57]
Commercial refrigeration. Refrigeration is any of various types of cooling of a space, substance, or system to lower and/or maintain its temperature below the ambient one (while the removed heat is ejected to a place of higher temperature). [1] [2] Refrigeration is an artificial, or human-made, cooling method. [1] [2]
In refrigeration systems, subcooling the refrigerant is necessary to ensure the completion of the remaining stages of the refrigeration cycle. The subcooling stage provides certainty that the refrigerant is fully liquid before it reaches the next step on the cycle, the thermal expansion valve , where the presence of gas can be disruptive. [ 1 ]
Thermodynamic heat pump cycles or refrigeration cycles are the conceptual and mathematical models for heat pump, air conditioning and refrigeration systems. [1] A heat pump is a mechanical system that transmits heat from one location (the "source") at a certain temperature to another location (the "sink" or "heat sink") at a higher temperature. [2]