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Thus, the load current is constant (neglecting the output resistance of the transistor due to the Early effect) and the circuit operates as a constant current source. As long as the temperature remains constant (or doesn't vary much), the load current will be independent of the supply voltage, R1 and the transistor's gain.
A generator in electrical circuit theory is one of two ideal elements: an ideal voltage source, or an ideal current source. [1] These are two of the fundamental elements in circuit theory. Real electrical generators are most commonly modelled as a non-ideal source consisting of a combination of an ideal source and a resistor.
Kirchhoff's circuit laws were originally obtained from experimental results. However, the current law can be viewed as an extension of the conservation of charge, since charge is the product of current and the time the current has been flowing. If the net charge in a region is constant, the current law will hold on the boundaries of the region.
Most analysis methods calculate the voltage and current values for static networks, which are circuits consisting of memoryless components only but have difficulties with complex dynamic networks. In general, the equations that describe the behaviour of a dynamic circuit are in the form of a differential-algebraic system of equations (DAEs).
In electronics, a constant current system is one that varies the voltage across a load to maintain a constant electric current.When a component is indicated to be driven by a constant current, the driver circuit is, in essence, a current regulator and must appear to the component as a current source of suitable reliability.
The mechanical analogue in the impedance analogy of the constant voltage generator is the constant force generator. The mechanical analogue of the constant current generator is the constant velocity generator. [17] An example of a constant force generator is the constant-force spring. This is analogous to a real voltage source, such as a ...
Current in the reference transistor Q 1 is held constant, thereby fixing the compliance voltage. Plots assume I C1 = 10 mA, V A = 50 V, V CC = 5 V, I S = 10 fA, β 1, = 100 independently of current. The current dependence of the resistances r π and r O is discussed in the article hybrid-pi model. The current dependence of the resistor values is:
The neutral current can be determined by adding the three phase currents together as complex numbers and then converting from rectangular to polar co-ordinates. If the three-phase root mean square (RMS) currents are I L 1 {\displaystyle I_{L1}} , I L 2 {\displaystyle I_{L2}} , and I L 3 {\displaystyle I_{L3}} , the neutral RMS current is: