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Most studies that have investigated the impact of gender on presentation and diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder have not differentiated between the impact of sex versus gender. [19] There is some evidence that autistic women and girls tend to show less repetitive behavior and may engage in more camouflaging than autistic males. [20]
Overall, they found that females diagnosed with autism or another neurodevelopmental disorder had a greater number of harmful mutations throughout the genome than did males with the same disorders. [20] Women with an extra X chromosome, 47,XXX or triple X syndrome, have autism-like social impairments in 32% of cases. [21]
Diagnosis is based on observation of behavior and development. Many, especially girls and those who have fewer social difficulties, may have been misdiagnosed with other conditions. Males are diagnosed with ASD four to five times more often than females.
Autism is associated with several genetic disorders, [4] perhaps due to an overlap in genetic causes. [5] About 10–15% of autism cases have an identifiable Mendelian (single-gene) condition, chromosome abnormality, or other genetic syndrome, [6] a category referred to as syndromic autism.
The number of children on the autism spectrum has increased dramatically since the 1980s, at least partly due to changes in diagnostic practice; it is unclear whether prevalence has actually increased; [4] and as-yet-unidentified environmental risk factors cannot be ruled out. [5]
Story at a glance People on the autism spectrum may also have varying co-occurring disorders and psychiatric conditions. An analysis of more than 4,600 autistic adults finds differences in the ...
Autism Spectrum Disorder is a developmental disability that stems from differences in the brain. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) , known causes are often genetic ...
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