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A disfluence or nonfluence is a non-pathological hesitance when speaking, the use of fillers (“like” or “uh”), or the repetition of a word or phrase. This needs to be distinguished from a fluency disorder like stuttering with an interruption of fluency of speech, accompanied by "excessive tension, speaking avoidance, struggle behaviors, and secondary mannerism".
The prosody of a person with Broca's aphasia is compromised by shortened length of utterances and the presence of self-repairs and disfluencies. [9] Intonation and stress patterns are also deficient. [10] For example, in the following passage, a patient with Broca's aphasia is trying to explain how he came to the hospital for dental surgery ...
Paraphasia is associated with fluent aphasias, characterized by "fluent spontaneous speech, long grammatically shaped sentences and preserved prosody abilities." [ 4 ] Examples of these fluent aphasias include receptive or Wernicke's aphasia , anomic aphasia , conduction aphasia , and transcortical sensory aphasia , among others.
Expressive aphasia (non-fluent Broca's aphasia): this is generally considered the second main categorization of aphasia, where individuals have great difficulty forming complete sentences with generally only basic content words (leaving out words like "is" and "the"). Unlike Wernicke's aphasia, which causes patients to speak fluently, but ...
Music therapy for non-fluent aphasia is a method for treating patients who have lost the ability to speak after a stroke or accident. Non-fluent aphasia , also called expressive aphasia , is a neurological disorder that deprives patients of the ability to express language.
Neuroscience of multilingualism is the study of multilingualism within the field of neurology.These studies include the representation of different language systems in the brain, the effects of multilingualism on the brain's structural plasticity, aphasia in multilingual individuals, and bimodal bilinguals (people who can speak at least one sign language and at least one oral language).
Doing a hearing test first is important, in case the patient cannot clearly hear the words or sentences needed in the speech repetition test. [21] In the speech tests, the person is asked to repeat a sentence with common words; if the person cannot identify the word, but he or she can describe it, then the person is highly likely to have anomic ...
Passive fluency is often brought about by being raised in one language (which becomes the person's passive language) and being schooled in another language (which becomes the person's native language). [2] [3] Such speakers are especially common in language shift communities where speakers of a declining language do not acquire active competence.