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The description of CABS made by Loonen et al. [1] says that: A climate adaptive building shell has the ability to repeatedly and reversibly change some of its functions, features or behavior over time in response to changing performance requirements and variable boundary conditions, and does this with the aim of improving overall building performance.
Responsive architecture is an evolving field of architectural practice and research. Responsive architectures are those that measure actual environmental conditions (via sensors) to enable buildings to adapt their form, shape, color or character responsively (via actuators).
The piloti system carries all the weight allowing for a free plan as well as a free façade. The free exterior façade allowed for vast openings and horizontal strips of windows creating aesthetic value. All of the five points work together, being based on the premises of the Dom-ino system, varied to a degree for aesthetic purposes. [2]
Most of these early examples used exposed structural steel as their material of choice. As hollow structural sections , (developed by Stewarts and Lloyds and known in the UK as Rectangular Hollow Section (RHS)) had only become widely available in the early 1970s, high-tech architecture saw much experimentation with this material.
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The first iron chain suspension bridge in the Western world was the Jacob's Creek Bridge (1801) in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, designed by inventor James Finley. [1] The Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco, California, is another example of a suspension structure. Much like the suspended building structure, towers hold the weight and ...
The system has joints similar to traditional stucco. PM EIFS have evolved to include different insulation materials and base coats. The most common type of EIFS used today is the system that includes a drainage cavity, which allows any and all moisture to exit the wall. EIFS with drainage typically consists of the following components:
In the previous example, the class Component is inherited by both the ConcreteComponent and the subclasses that descend from Decorator. The decorator pattern is an alternative to subclassing . Subclassing adds behavior at compile time , and the change affects all instances of the original class; decorating can provide new behavior at run-time ...