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Guaiacol (/ ˈ ɡ w aɪ ə k ɒ l /) is an organic compound with the formula C 6 H 4 (OH)(OCH 3).It is a phenolic compound containing a methoxy functional group. Guaiacol appears as a viscous colorless oil, although aged or impure samples are often yellowish.
The methoxy group is an ortho/para directing group, which means that electrophilic substitution preferentially occurs at these three sites. The enhanced nucleophilicity of anisole vs. benzene reflects the influence of the methoxy group, which renders the ring more electron-rich.
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In organic chemistry, a methoxy group is the functional group consisting of a methyl group bound to oxygen. This alkoxy group has the formula R−O−CH 3 . On a benzene ring , the Hammett equation classifies a methoxy substituent at the para position as an electron-donating group , but as an electron-withdrawing group if at the meta position.
Ortho effect is an organic chemistry phenomenon where the presence of a chemical group at the at ortho position or the 1 and 2 position of a phenyl ring, ...
Directed ortho metalation (DoM) is an adaptation of electrophilic aromatic substitution in which electrophiles attach themselves exclusively to the ortho-position of a direct metalation group or DMG through the intermediary of an aryllithium compound. [1] The DMG interacts with lithium through a hetero atom.
Phenol is an ortho/para director, but in a presence of base, the reaction is more rapid. It is due to the higher reactivity of phenolate anion . The negative oxygen was 'forced' to give electron density to the carbons (because it has a negative charge, it has an extra +I effect).
The Dakin oxidation is an organic redox reaction in which an ortho- or para-hydroxylated phenyl aldehyde (−CH=O) or ketone (>C=O) reacts with hydrogen peroxide in base to form a benzenediol and a carboxylate. Overall, the carbonyl group (C=O) is oxidized, and the hydrogen peroxide is reduced.