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Sixth nerve palsy, or abducens nerve palsy, is a disorder associated with dysfunction of cranial nerve VI (the abducens nerve), which is responsible for causing contraction of the lateral rectus muscle to abduct (i.e., turn out) the eye. [1]
Partial damage to the sixth nerve causes weak or incomplete abduction of the affected eye. The diplopia is worse on attempted lateral gaze, as would be expected (since the lateral gaze muscle is impaired). Peripheral sixth nerve damage can be caused by tumors, aneurysms, or fractures – anything that directly compresses or stretches the nerve.
The medial longitudinal fasciculus is the main central connection for the oculomotor nerve, trochlear nerve, and abducens nerve. It carries information about the direction that the eyes should move. Lesions of the medial longitudinal fasciculus can cause nystagmus and diplopia, which may be associated with multiple sclerosis, a neoplasm, or a ...
Horizontal gaze specifically also involves the Abducens nerve and the Paramedian pontine reticular formation. [2] Horizontal gaze involves synchronous activation of the abducens muscle of one eye and the medial rectus muscle of the other, via communication through the Medial longitudinal fasciculus. Horizontal gaze palsies can be caused by a ...
The thickened and enhanced symptomatic nerve, as shown in recent MRI findings, might be indicative of the existence of structural nerve damage in RPON. [12] Therefore, neuropathy is suggested as the primary cause of RPON, [21] either induced by recurrent viral infections or immune-mediated inflammation. [22]
The lateral rectus is the only muscle supplied by the abducens nerve (CN VI). The neuron cell bodies are located in the abducens nucleus in the pons.These neurons project axons as the abducens nerve which exit from the pontomedullary junction of the brainstem, travels through the cavernous sinus and enter the orbit through the superior orbital fissure.
The sixth nerve, the abducens nerve, which innervates the lateral rectus muscle of the eye (moves the eye laterally), is also commonly affected but fourth nerve, the trochlear nerve, (innervates the superior oblique muscle, which moves the eye downward) involvement is unusual. Damage to a specific nerve of the thoracic or lumbar spinal nerves ...
With the abducens nucleus it makes up the horizontal gaze centre. [1] It is situated in the pons adjacent to the abducens nucleus . [ 2 ] It projects to the ipsilateral abducens (cranial nerve VI) nucleus, and contralateral oculomotor (cranial nerve III) nucleus [ note 1 ] to mediate conjugate horizontal gaze and saccades .