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In many cases, the cadence consists of a double ring of 0.4 seconds separated by 0.2 seconds, and a two second pause after which the cadence repeats (0.4s on, 0.2 s off, 0.4 s on, 2 s off). In many cases the tone is a combination of 400 Hz and 450 Hz sine waves.
The ringing pattern is known as ring cadence, in which the high voltage ring current is switched on and off to create the pattern. In North America, the standard ring cadence is two seconds of ringing followed by four seconds of silence. In Australia and the UK, the standard ring cadence is 400 ms on, 200 ms off, 400 ms on, 2000 ms off.
A ring generator or ringing voltage generator is a device which outputs 20 cycle sinusoidal AC at up to 110 volts peak to power bells or annunciators in one or more telephone extensions. [4] The output stops if a handset is taken off the hook. In terminology devised by phone phreaks, a ringing generator is a magenta box.
The Federal Standard 1037C Telecommunications Glossary [1] [2] defines white, pink, blue, and black noise. The color names for these different types of sounds are derived from a loose analogy between the spectrum of frequencies of sound wave present in the sound (as shown in the blue diagrams) and the equivalent spectrum of light wave frequencies.
The color combinations are applied to the insulation that covers each conductor. Typically, one color is a prominent background color of the insulation, and the other is a tracer, consisting of stripes, rings, or dots, applied over the background. The background color always matches the tracer color of its paired conductor, and vice versa.
A third pair consists of white tip coding and blue ring coding. For larger cable assemblies more complex schemes, such as the 25-pair color code , are used. Some telephone technicians used mnemonic phrases, such as red-right-ring-rear , or ring-right-red-rough , to remember that the red wire connects to the right-side post in the wall jack and ...
Extreme example of JPEG artifacts, including ringing: cyan (= white minus red) rings around a red star. JPEG compression can introduce ringing artifacts at sharp transitions, which are particularly visible in text. This is a due to loss of high frequency components, as in step response ringing.
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