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A dispersant or a dispersing agent is a substance, typically a surfactant, that is added to a suspension of solid or liquid particles in a liquid (such as a colloid or emulsion) to improve the separation of the particles and to prevent their settling or clumping.
It is also used in the makeup and toothpaste industries to control the products' texture. Due to its ability to retain moisture, it is also used in skincare products. CMC serves as a film-forming agent in approximately 10% of sunscreens. CMC aids in pigment suspension and dispersion, binding other ingredients for even distribution.
The MHRA is divided into three main centres: [citation needed] MHRA Regulatory – the regulator for the pharmaceutical and medical devices industries; Clinical Practice Research Datalink – licences anonymised health care data to pharmaceutical companies, academics and other regulators for research
A thickening agent or thickener is a substance which can increase the viscosity of a liquid without substantially changing its other properties. Edible thickeners are commonly used to thicken sauces , soups , and puddings without altering their taste; thickeners are also used in paints , inks , explosives , and cosmetics .
A suspension is a heterogeneous mixture in which the solid particles do not dissolve, but get suspended throughout the bulk of the solvent, left floating around freely in the medium. [1] The internal phase (solid) is dispersed throughout the external phase (fluid) through mechanical agitation, with the use of certain excipients or suspending ...
It is also used in the wine industry as a fining agent for white wine and some beers. In in-vitro fertilisation laboratories, polyvinylpyrrolidone is used to slow down spermatozoa in order to capture them for e.g. ICSI. In molecular biology, PVP can be used as a blocking agent during Southern blot analysis as a component of Denhardt's buffer ...
Flocculants, or flocculating agents (also known as flocking agents), are chemicals that promote flocculation by causing colloids and other suspended particles in liquids to aggregate, forming a floc. Flocculants are used in water treatment processes to improve the sedimentation or filterability of small particles.
Ultrasound contrast agent, contrast for MRI and CT, and Oxygen Therapeutic - Oxygen Flow Enhancer: Discontinued clinical development, continuing pre-clinical development [32] [27] C 8 BrF 17, and C 10 F 21 Br: 142, 185: Droplet: Perfluorooctyl bromide and perfluorodecylbromide: Oxygent: Alliance Pharmaceuticals: Oxygen Therapeutic - Blood ...