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A messenger pigeon on a house roof A group of homing pigeons in flight A modern day racing pigeon wearing an electronic timing ring. The homing pigeon is a variety of domestic pigeon (Columba livia domestica), selectively bred for its ability to find its way home over extremely long distances.
Homing pigeons are a specialized type of pigeon bred for navigation and speed. Originally developed through selective breeding to carry messages , members of this variety of pigeon are still being used in the sport of pigeon racing and the ceremony of releasing white doves at social events.
The American Homing Pigeon Institute was founded in 1973 [2] in Wichita, Kansas, [3] and focused on homing pigeons and the history of pigeon racing.Later, the museum expanded to include the total history of pigeon domestication.
Pigeon post is the use of homing pigeons to carry messages. Pigeons are effective as messengers due to their natural homing abilities. The pigeons are transported to a destination in cages, where they are attached with messages, then the pigeon naturally flies back to its home where the recipient could read the message.
Some animals use true navigation for their homing. This means in familiar areas they will use landmarks such as roads, rivers or mountains when flying, or islands and other landmarks while swimming. However, this only works in familiar territory. Homing pigeons, for example, will often navigate using familiar landmarks, such as roads. [1]
Olfactory navigation is a hypothesis that proposes the usage of the sense of smell by pigeons, in particular the mail pigeon, in navigation and homing. There are two principal versions. Papi's mosaic model proposes that pigeons construct a map from the distribution of environmental odours, within a radius of 70–100 kilometres.
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Roshan Chirag is a homing pigeon breed from northern India.The name comes from roshan, meaning "enlightened", and chirag, meaning "candle".This breed was developed in India and is found extensively in the north of that country.