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Management by objectives (MBO), also known as management by planning (MBP), was first popularized by Peter Drucker in his 1954 book The Practice of Management. [1] Management by objectives is the process of defining specific objectives within an organization that management can convey to organization members, then deciding how to achieve each objective in sequence.
Health care reform measures in Germany are designated by the legislature for the organization of the health care system. The main aim of such reforms is to curb the increase of costs in statutory health insurance (for example, by stabilizing the contribution rate and, thus, non-wage labor costs by reducing benefits, increasing co-payments or by changing the remuneration of service providers). [1]
The pharmaceutical industry plays a major role in Germany within and beyond direct health care. Expenditure on pharmaceutical drugs is almost half of those for the entire hospital sector. Pharmaceutical drug expenditure grew by an annual average of 4.1% between 2004 and 2010. Such developments caused numerous health care reforms since the 1980s ...
Value-based health care (VBHC) is a framework for restructuring health care systems with the overarching goal of value for patients, with value defined as health outcomes per unit of costs. [1] The concept was introduced in 2006 by Michael Porter and Elizabeth Olmsted Teisberg , though implementation efforts on aspects of value-based care began ...
However, private sector health care is mainly in the primary care sector. There are virtually no private hospitals, the main hospitals being either municipally owned (funded from local taxes) or run by the teaching universities (funded jointly by the municipalities and the national government).
The Federal Joint Committee (German: Gemeinsamer Bundesausschuss (G-BA)) refers to a group of German public health agencies that were merged in 2004, under an independent chairman. [1] It is authorized to make binding regulations growing out of health reform bills passed by lawmakers, along with routine decisions regarding healthcare in Germany ...
Kassel. When it comes to affordable retiree living, Germany’s smaller cities often deliver big value. Kassel in central Germany costs around $1,872 per month while providing historic beauty and ...
German businesspeople in the healthcare industry (1 C, 13 P) ... 4 P) H. History of health care in Germany (2 C, 2 P) L. Health law in Germany (1 C, 2 P) M. Maternity ...