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The army was popular and prestigious as the guarantor of the Turkish state and of Turkish multiparty democracy (after its effective establishment following World War II). [1] Cemal Gürsel, leader of the successful 1960 coup. The army first exercised its reserve power in the 1960 Turkish coup d'état.
In early November 2017, Turkish authorities issued an arrest warrant for Henri J. Barkey , former Director of the Middle East Program of the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, stating that he is an agent of the United States Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), that he was present in Istanbul during the 2016 Turkish coup attempt ...
The 1960 Turkish coup d'état (Turkish: 27 Mayıs Darbesi), also known as the 27th May Revolution (Turkish: 27 Mayıs İhtilali or 27 Mayıs Devrimi), was the first coup d'état in Turkey. It took place on May 27, 1960. The coup was staged by a group of 38 [1] young Turkish military officers, acting outside the military chain of command.
The 1980 Turkish coup d'état (Turkish: 12 Eylül darbesi, lit. 'September 12 coup d'état'), headed by Chief of the General Staff General Kenan Evren , was the third coup d'état in the history of the Republic of Turkey , the previous having been the 1960 coup and the 1971 coup by memorandum .
My Father and My Son (Turkish: Babam ve Oğlum) is a 2005 Turkish drama film written and directed by Çağan Irmak about a family torn apart by the 1980 Turkish coup d'état. The film which went on nationwide release on 18 November 2005 ( 2005-11-18 ) became one of the highest-grossing Turkish films in history.
The film was selected as the Turkish entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 62nd Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominee. [1] The film is set in 1984 Ankara, during the aftermath of the 1980 Turkish coup. [2] [3] It is currently available to legally stream with English subtitles through the German media website Pantaflix . [4]
Political violence in Turkey became a serious problem in the late 1970s [3] and was even described as a "low-level civil war". [4] The death squads of Turkish right-wing ultranationalist groups, sometimes allied with the state, inflicted around 5,000 casualties with the motivation of acting against the resistance of the left-wing opposition.
The 1971 Turkish military memorandum (Turkish: 12 Mart Muhtırası), issued on 12 March that year, was the second military intervention to take place in Turkey, coming 11 years after its 1960 predecessor. It is known as the "coup by memorandum", which the military delivered in lieu of sending out tanks, as it had done previously.