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A non-inertial reference frame (also known as an accelerated reference frame [1]) is a frame of reference that undergoes acceleration with respect to an inertial frame. [2] An accelerometer at rest in a non-inertial frame will, in general, detect a non-zero acceleration. While the laws of motion are the same in all inertial frames, in non ...
A rotating frame of reference is a special case of a non-inertial reference frame that is rotating relative to an inertial reference frame. An everyday example of a rotating reference frame is the surface of the Earth. (This article considers only frames rotating about a fixed axis. For more general rotations, see Euler angles.)
An observational frame (such as an inertial frame or non-inertial frame of reference) is a physical concept related to state of motion. A coordinate system is a mathematical concept, amounting to a choice of language used to describe observations. [ 3 ]
Basically, as lab frame or reference frame, there are two kinds of conventions for the frames: East, North, Up (ENU), used in geography; North, East, Down (NED), used specially in aerospace; This frame referenced w.r.t. Global Reference frames like Earth Center Earth Fixed (ECEF) non-inertial system.
In physics, a frame of reference is often a useful way of defining a particular state of motion, the expected properties of a set of objects with a common state of motion, or how physics may appear to an observer with a state of motion. It is usually used to define a coordinate system that can be used as a reference for measurements and ...
Proper frames can be inertial and non-inertial, as in the example above. The use of a proper frame is essential for the investigation of physical laws within the framework of general relativity. The term comoving frame is also a good description of a non-inertial frame, which is useful for many of the same uses as we mentioned previously.
Consider a stationary inertial frame of reference , and a non-inertial frame of reference ′, which is translating with velocity () and rotating with angular velocity () with respect to the stationary frame. The Navier–Stokes equation observed from the non-inertial frame then becomes
In the inertial frame of reference (upper part of the picture), the black ball moves in a straight line. However, the observer (brown dot) who is standing in the rotating/non-inertial frame of reference (lower part of the picture) sees the object as following a curved path due to the Coriolis or centrifugal forces present in this frame.