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Others [3] define a trapezoid as a quadrilateral with at least one pair of parallel sides (the inclusive definition [7]), making the parallelogram a special type of trapezoid. The latter definition is consistent with its uses in higher mathematics such as calculus. This article uses the inclusive definition and considers parallelograms as ...
The quadrilateral with given side lengths that has the maximum area is the cyclic quadrilateral. [43] Of all convex quadrilaterals with given diagonals, the orthodiagonal quadrilateral has the largest area. [38]: p.119 This is a direct consequence of the fact that the area of a convex quadrilateral satisfies
Any non-self-crossing quadrilateral with exactly one axis of symmetry must be either an isosceles trapezoid or a kite. [5] However, if crossings are allowed, the set of symmetric quadrilaterals must be expanded to include also the crossed isosceles trapezoids, crossed quadrilaterals in which the crossed sides are of equal length and the other sides are parallel, and the antiparallelograms ...
In calculus, the trapezoidal rule (also known as the trapezoid rule or trapezium rule) [a] is a technique for numerical integration, i.e., approximating the definite integral: (). The trapezoidal rule works by approximating the region under the graph of the function f ( x ) {\displaystyle f(x)} as a trapezoid and calculating its area.
Trapezium, plural trapezia, may refer to: Trapezium, in British and other forms of English, a trapezoid, a quadrilateral that has exactly one pair of parallel sides; Trapezium, in North American English, an irregular quadrilateral with no sides parallel; Trapezium (bone), a bone in the hand; Trapezium Cluster, a group of stars in the Orion Nebula
The base pairs form a parallelogram with half the area of the quadrilateral, A q, as the sum of the areas of the four large triangles, A l is 2 A q (each of the two pairs reconstructs the quadrilateral) while that of the small triangles, A s is a quarter of A l (half linear dimensions yields quarter area), and the area of the parallelogram is A ...
In this example, the triangle's side lengths and area are integers, making it a Heronian triangle. However, Heron's formula works equally well when the side lengths are real numbers. As long as they obey the strict triangle inequality, they define a triangle in the Euclidean plane whose area is a positive real number.
Most other simple formulas for area follow from the method of dissection. This involves cutting a shape into pieces, whose areas must sum to the area of the original shape. For an example, any parallelogram can be subdivided into a trapezoid and a right triangle, as shown in figure to the left. If the triangle is moved to the other side of the ...