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J. F Maxwell, 1975, Slavery and the Catholic Church: The history of Catholic teaching concerning the moral legitimacy of the institution of slavery, Barry-Rose Publishers Online text; Weithman, Paul J. (1992). "Augustine and Aquinas on Original Sin and the Function of Political Authority". Journal of the History of Philosophy. 30 (3): 353–376.
The Black Catholic Movement (or Black Catholic Revolution) was a movement of African-American Catholics in the United States that developed and shaped modern Black Catholicism. From roughly 1968 to the mid-1990s, Black Catholicism would transform from pre- Vatican II roots into a full member of the Black Church .
Black Catholicism or African-American Catholicism comprises the African-American people, beliefs, and practices in the Catholic Church.. There are around three million Black Catholics in the United States, making up 6% of the total population of African Americans, who are mostly Protestant, and 4% of American Catholics.
The Catholic Church continues to face criticism due to biases against black converts. [65] In his article "Black Catholic Conversion and the Burden of Black Religion", Matthew Cressler says that scholars have often questioned why African-Americans convert to Catholicism. [65] Two explanations were popular in the 1970s.
A recently freed slave, he served as a minister to a tiny Baptist congregation located next to St. Peter's Catholic Church at that time. [2] [3] He was known to attend the parish and listen to the Dominicans' homilies during the early Sunday Mass and would then go back to his own congregation and preach the gospel, using them as an inspiration.
He was the first known African American to serve as a Catholic priest or bishop. With his predominantly European ancestry, Healy passed for a white man and identified as such. Born into slavery in the Healy family of Georgia, James Healy was the son of a White plantation owner and a mixed-race enslaved woman. He was later freed, educated ...
Maxwell, John Francis, Slavery and the Catholic Church: The History of Catholic Teaching Concerning the Moral Legitimacy of the Institution of Slavery, 1975, Chichester Barry-Rose, ISBN 0-85992-015-1; Panzer, Father Joel S, The Popes and Slavery, The Church In History Centre, 22 April 2008, retrieved 9 August 2009
The Haitian Revolution, which ended French colonial slavery in Haiti, was led by the devout Catholic ex-slave Toussaint L'Overture. In 1810, Mexican Catholic Priest Father Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, who is also the Father of the Mexican nation, declared slavery abolished, but it was not official until the War of Independence finished.