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Proposed bills are often categorized into public bills and private bills.A public bill is a proposed law which would apply to everyone within its jurisdiction.A private bill is a proposal for a law affecting only a single person, group, or area, such as a bill granting a named person citizenship or, previously, granting named persons a legislative divorce.
For example, P. L. 111–5 (American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009) was the fifth enacted public law of the 111th United States Congress. Public laws are also often abbreviated as Pub. L. No. X–Y. When the legislation of those two kinds are proposed, it is called public bill and private bill respectively.
The bill is presented and ordered to be printed and, in the case of private members' bills, a date is set for second reading. Second reading: A debate on the general principles of the bill is followed by a vote. Committee stage: This usually takes place in a public bill committee [9] in the Commons and on the floor of the House in the Lords ...
A government bill is a bill which is proposed, introduced or supported by a government in their country's legislature. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is most significant in the Westminster system where most bills are introduced by the government.
Bills originating in the Dáil and Seanad share a common sequence. There are separate sequences for public and private bills, the latter prefixed with "P". Although acts to amend the constitution are outside the annual sequence used for other public acts, bills to amend the constitution are within the annual sequence of public bills. [14]
A private member's bill is a bill (proposed law) introduced into a legislature by a legislator who is not acting on behalf of the executive branch.The designation "private member's bill" is used in most Westminster system jurisdictions, in which a "private member" is any member of parliament (MP) who is not a member of the cabinet (executive).
The distinction between public and private law was first made by Roman jurist Ulpian, who argues in the Institutes (in a passage preserved by Justinian in the Digest) that "[p]ublic law is that which respects the establishment of the Roman commonwealth, private that which respects individuals' interests, some matters being of public and others of private interest."
The public option was featured in three bills considered by the United States House of Representatives in 2009: the proposed Affordable Health Care for America Act (), which was passed by the House in 2009, its predecessor, the proposed America's Affordable Health Choices Act (), and a third bill, the Public Option Act, also referred to as the Medicare You Can Buy Into Act, ().