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Photograph of a nuclear family in Maryland, Sgt. Samuel Smith, Mollie Smith, and their daughters Mary and Maggie, c. 1863–1865 A nuclear family (also known as an elementary family, atomic family, or conjugal family) is a term for a family group consisting of parents and their children (one or more), typically living in one home residence.
The nuclear family consists of a mother, father, and the children. The two-parent nuclear family has become less prevalent, and pre-American and European family forms have become more common. [2] Beginning in the 1970s in the United States, the structure of the "traditional" nuclear American family began to change.
In neolocal residence, newly formed couples form their own separate household units, and create what is considered a nuclear family. This contrasts with other forms of post-marital residence, such as patrilocal residence and matrilocal residence, in which the couple resides with or near the husband's family (patrilocal residence) or the wife's family (matrilocal residence).
In 1992, Paul Glick supplied statistics showing the African-American nuclear family structure consisted of 80% of total African-American families in comparison to 90% of all US families. [34] According to Billingsley, the African-American incipient nuclear family structure is defined as a married couple with no children. [32]
When PRWORA was being discussed by lawmakers, there was an emphasis on decreasing the amount of single mothers or unwed mothers by promoting marriage and two parent households. PROWRA is legislation that promotes a heteronormative nuclear family structure by encouraging mothers to parent with the fathers of their children.
Many sociologists used to believe that the nuclear family was the product of industrialization, but evidence highlighted by historian Peter Laslett suggests that the causality is reversed and that industrialization was so effective in North-western Europe specifically because the pre-existence of the nuclear family fostered its development. [34]
The classic nuclear family is a man and a woman, united in marriage, with one or more biological children. [67] Today, a person may grow up in a single-parent family, go on to marry and live in a childfree couple arrangement, then get divorced, live as a single for a couple of years, remarry, have children and live in a nuclear family arrangement.
The term "family values" is often used in political discourse in some countries, its general meaning being that of traditional or cultural values that pertain to the family's structure, function, roles, beliefs, attitudes, and ideals, usually involving the "traditional family"—a middle-class family with a breadwinner father and a homemaker ...